外语教学法笔记.doc

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1、第一章总论TheNatureofFLTMFLTMisasciencewhichstudiestheprocessesandpatternofforeignlanguageteaching,aimingatrevealingthenatureandlawsofforeignlanguageteaching.FLTMisaninter-disciplinaryscienceanditmakesusesofmanysubiects.历史languagestudyisatleastmorethan2500yearsold.Thegoal:

2、istohelpthelearnermasterthetargetlanguageintheshortestpossibletime.Whatdowemeanbymasteringthetargetlanguage?—Wemeanthatthelearnerisabletohavesuccessfulcommunicationswithothersinthetargetlanguage.TheoriesofLinguistics语言学理论⑴Traditionallinguistics:thetraditionallinguisti

3、cswemeanthetraditionalstudyoflanguageinancientGreece.ithasatraditionofmorethan2000years.contributionofDianysiusThrax--Greekgrammar(8)/contributionofApolloniusDyscoiusInthefifthcenturyB.C.theancientGreeksbegantomakeaseriousstudyoflanguageintherealmofphilosophy.古希腊两个论战：

4、onewasbetweenthenaturalistsandtheconventionalistsontherelationsbetweenformandmeaning.Thenaturalistsarguedthattheformsofwordsreflecteddirectlythenatureofobjectswhiletheconventionaliststhoughtthatlanguagewasconventionalandtherewasnologicconnectionbetweenformandmeaningof

5、words.Theotherwasbetweentheanalogistsandanomalistsontheregularizesoflanguage.—theanalogiststhoughtthatlanguageingeneralwasregularandtherewererulesforpeopletofollowwhiletheanomaliststhoughtthatlanguagewasbasicallyirregularandthatwaswhythereweresomanyexceptionandirregul

6、aritiesintheGreeklanguage.Theirdebaterousedpeople’sinterestinlanguageandledthemtothedetailedstudyofGreek.ThedirectresultwastheappearanceofabookofGreekgrammar.Mainfeature/Naturaloftraditionallinguistics：Trditionallinguisticswaspracticalinnature.Peoplemadeastudyoflangua

7、geinordertounderstandtheclassicwordsofancienttimesandtoteachstudents.Theygaveprioritytothewrittenformandusedwordsastheirstartingpoint.Theyoftentookaprescriptiveapproachwhentheydiscussedrulesoflanguage.emphasizedbytraditionallinguists:1correctness2thepurityofalanguage3

8、literaryexcellence/prescriptiveapproachtraditionallinguists'attitudetowardsthatthewrittenformoflanguagewassuperiortothespoke