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1、......基于Matlab的光学衍射实验仿真摘要光学试验中衍射实验是非常重要的实验.光的衍射是指光在传播过程中遇到障碍物时能够绕过障碍物的边缘前进的现象,光的衍射现象为光的波动说提供了有力的证据.衍射系统一般有光源、衍射屏和接受屏组成,按照它们相互距离的大小可将衍射分为两大类,一类是衍射屏与光源和接受屏的距离都是无穷远时的衍射,称为夫琅禾费衍射,一类是衍射屏与光源或接受屏的距离为有限远时的衍射称为菲涅尔衍射。本文用Matlab软件对典型的衍射现象建立了数学模型，对衍射光强分布进行了编程运算，对衍射
2、实验进行了仿真。最后创建了交互式GUI界面，用户可以通过改变输入参数模拟不同条件下的衍射条纹。本文对于衍射概念、区别、原理及光强分布编程做了详细全面的介绍关键字：Matlab；衍射；仿真;GUI界面;光学实验.....c......Matlab-basedSimulationofOpticalDiffractionExperimentAbstractOpticaldiffractionexperimentisaveryimportantexperiment.isthediffractionoflig
3、htpropagationoflightintheobstaclesencounteredintheprocesstobypasstheobstacleswhentheforwardedgeofthephenomenonoflightdiffractionphenomenonofthewavetheoryoflightprovidesastrongEvidence.diffractionsystemsgenerallyhavelight,diffractionscreenandacceptthesc
4、reencomposition,sizeaccordingtotheirdistancefromeachotherdiffractioncanbedividedintotwocategories,oneisthediffractionscreenandthelightsourceandthereceivingscreenisinfinitywhenthedistancebetweenthediffractionKnownasFraunhoferdiffraction,oneisdiffraction
5、screenandthelightsourceoracceptalimitedawayfromthescreenwhenthediffractioniscalledFresneldiffraction.Inthispaper,Matlabsoftwareonatypicalphenomenonofamathematicalmodelofdiffraction,thediffractionintensitydistributionoftheprogrammingoperation,thediffrac
6、tionexperimentissimulated.Finally,createaninteractiveGUIinterface,userscanchangetheinputparameterstosimulatedifferentconditionsofthediffractionpattern.Thisconceptofthediffraction,difference,intensitydistributionofprogrammingprinciplesandadetailedcompre
7、hensivedescriptionKeyword:matlab；diffraction;simulation;guiinterface;opticalexperiment.....c......目录1绪论11.1光学仿真的研究意义11.2国外研究现状21.3Matlab仿真的优越性21.4仿真的主要容22衍射32.1光的衍射现象32.1.1衍射定义32.1.2光的衍射现象32.2惠更斯——费涅耳原理62.2.1原理表述62.2.2原理的定量表达式62.3夫琅禾费原理72.3.1夫琅禾费衍射的装置8
8、2.3.2夫琅禾费矩孔衍射92.3.3夫琅禾费单缝衍射102.3.4夫琅禾费多缝衍射112.3.5多缝衍射图样122.4菲涅尔衍射原理132.4.1菲涅尔半波带法132.4.2菲涅尔单缝衍射142.4.3矩孔菲涅尔衍射153夫琅禾费衍射仿真163.1夫琅禾费单缝衍射仿真173.2夫琅禾费多缝衍射仿真193.3夫琅禾费矩孔衍射仿真204菲涅尔衍射仿真274.1菲涅尔方孔衍射仿真234.2菲涅耳单缝衍射仿真265交互式GUI界面296总结30.....c......参考文
