高中英语句子成分.docx

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1、高三艺术生第一周补课——句子成分及句子结构一．主语：在句中，主语是句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，通常位于句首，通常由名词，代词，动名词（v-ing），不定式，及从句充当。1.Amooncakeisadeliciouscake.2.Tomasteraforeignlanguageisimportantforus.3.Smokingisbadforourhealth.4.Whathesaidisusefultome.考点一：主谓一致：谓语动词的人称和数与主语保持一致。1.我的爷爷每天起得很早。（getup）2.这些学生来自中国。（comefrom/befrom）3.写日记是

2、一个很好的学习习惯。（keepadiary、learninghabits）考点二：it作形式主语的重要句型1.Itis+adj+(forsb)todosth2.Itistimeforsbtodosth=itistimethatsbdidsth/shoulddosth.3.Ittakes/tooksbtimetodosth4.Itwasreported/said/believed/thought/suggestedthat+句子1.保持劳逸结合对我们来说很重要。（keepabalancebetweenworkandrest）2.该到我们保护环境的时候到了。（protect

3、environment）3.完成家庭做业花费了我三个小时。1.It_________(report)thatitreceivedmorethanonemillionvisitorsduringthespringfestival.二．谓语（一）用来说明主语的动作或特征和状态的成分，一般由动词充当。1.Heplaysbasketballeverymorning.2.Wearesenior3students.3.Thisideasoundsgood.4.Weshouldstudyharderthanbefore.5.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmy

4、hometown.（二）动词分类1.实义动词：eg:playlikeclimbbeatpatsucceeddecide...2.系动词：1）be:________2)感官动词_____________________________________3)表变化_________________________________________________4)三保持二证明________________________________________3.情态动词：can/could,may/might,should,must,haveto,hadbetter,wouldr

5、ather4.助动词：不能单独作谓语，是帮助主要动词构成各种时态。（have,has,had,will,be,do等）考点一：对及物动词和不及物动词的理解与记忆。改错1.Wearehopingtosolvesomethingthatbothertous.2.Ihopemydreamwillbecometrue.3.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinmyhometown.考点二：系动词：1)系动词+adj(表语）2）系动词无被动1.Thecoatfeelssmoothly.2.Mayunwasturnedouttobeasuccessfulb

6、usinessman.3.Thissoupwastasteddelicious.考点三：情态动词加动词原形1.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectourenvironment.2.Wehadbettertoseeadentist.三．宾语通常放在谓语动词之后，表示动作行为的对象。由名词，代词，v-ing，todo或从句充当。1.HespeaksChinese.2.Don’tlaughattheboy.3.ManyboysinChinawantstobeabasketballplayer.4.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat.5.It

7、hinkyouarethemostbeautiful.考点一：常考只能接不定式（todo）做宾语的动词：Decidetodo/wanttodo/refusetodo/pretendtodo/promisetodo/offertodo/affordtodo/expecttodo/failtodo/plantodo/volunteertodo1.Iwant________(go)abroad.2.Manyyoungpeoplecan’tafford________(buy)ahouse.考点三：常考只能跟动名词做宾语的动词及短语Enjoydo