经济学原理-曼昆版-课后习题英文答案.doc

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1、1)ProblemsandApplications1.a.Afamilydecidingwhethertobuyanewcarfacesatradeoffbetweenthecostofthecarandotherthingstheymightwanttobuy.Forexample,buyingthecarmightmeantheymustgiveupgoingonvacationforthenexttwoyears.Sotherealcostofthecaristhefamily'sopportunitycostintermsofwhattheymustgiveup.b.F

2、oramemberofCongressdecidingwhethertoincreasespendingonnationalparks,thetradeoffisbetweenparksandotherspendingitemsortaxcuts.Ifmoremoneygoesintotheparksystem,thatmaymeanlessspendingonnationaldefenseoronthepoliceforce.Or,insteadofspendingmoremoneyontheparksystem,taxescouldbereduced.c.Whenacomp

3、anypresidentdecideswhethertoopenanewfactory,thedecisionisbasedonwhetherthenewfactorywillincreasethefirm'sprofitscomparedtootheralternatives.Forexample,thecompanycouldupgradeexistingequipmentorexpandexistingfactories.Thebottomlineis:Whichmethodofexpandingproductionwillincreaseprofitthemost?d.

4、Indecidinghowmuchtoprepareforclass,aprofessorfacesatradeoffbetweenthevalueofimprovingthequalityofthelecturecomparedtootherthingsshecoulddowithhertime,suchasworkingonadditionalresearch.2.Whenthebenefitsofsomethingarepsychological,suchasgoingonavacation,itisn'teasytocomparebenefitstocoststodet

5、ermineifit'sworthdoing.Buttherearetwowaystothinkaboutthebenefits.Oneistocomparethevacationwithwhatyouwoulddoinitsplace.Ifyoudidn'tgoonvacation,wouldyoubuysomethinglikeanewsetofgolfclubs?Thenyoucandecideifyou'dratherhavethenewclubsorthevacation.Asecondwayistothinkabouthowmuchworkyouhadtodotoe

6、arnthemoneytopayforthevacation;thenyoucandecideifthepsychologicalbenefitsofthevacationwereworththepsychologicalcostofworking.3.Ifyouarethinkingofgoingskiinginsteadofworkingatyourpart-timejob,thecostofskiingincludesitsmonetaryandtimecosts,plustheopportunitycostofthewagesyou'regivingupbynotwor

7、king.Ifthechoiceisbetweenskiingandgoingtothelibrarytostudy,thenthecostofskiingisitsmonetaryandtimecostsplusthecosttoyouofgettingalowergradeinyourcourse.4.Ifyouspend$100nowinsteadofinvestingitforayearandearning5percentinterest,youaregivinguptheoppor