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1、形容词性从句--定语从句用来修饰名词、代词、句子等，在句中的作用相当于形容词，故称为形容词性从句。2013新程专转本◆限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句：对被修饰词起限定约束作用，与主句关系密切，不可省略或缺少，否则句意就不完整。非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的意思，与主句用逗号隔开。IliveinXuzhouwheremyparentsworkedtenyearsago.Hissister,whoworksinShanghai,iscomingtoseehimtomorrow.如：e.g.The
2、carthatisunderthetreeismine.先行词放置于名词之后，修饰名词的从句关系词连接作用1.2.在从句中充当成分◆限制性定语从句的构成3.指代先行词◆定语从句的关系词关系代词（在从句中作主、表、宾、定等成分）指人:who(主格),whom(宾格),whose(所有格)指物:which(主格,宾格),whose(所有格)指人或物:that,as关系副词（在从句中作状语）where(in/at/onwhich)when(during/on/inwhich)why(forwhich)1.Theman(who/whom/that
3、)mymothersawinthestreetismyteacher.(指人）2.Thebookwhich/thattellsusabouttheearthisinteresting.（指物）3.Shelivesinahousewhosewindowfacessouth.4.DoyouknowtheboywhosefatherisanEnglishteacher?5.Ihaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.6.Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)Ijoinedthearmy
4、.7.Iwon’tforgetthefactorywhere(inwhich)myfatherworked.8.Tellmethereasonwhyyoucamelate.◆只用that不用which的情况1）先行词为不定代词，如：all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone,等e.g.We’lldoallthatwecoulddotohelpyou.2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,oneof,theonl
5、y,thevery,theright,thesame,thelast,few,just修饰时。ThistrainisthelasttrainthatwillgotoBeijing.3)先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatI’veeverread.4)先行词既有人又有物的时候。ThepeopleandthehappytimethatIhadinthatvillageinfluencedmealot.5)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个用that。The
6、ysecretlybuiltupasmallfamilywhichproducedthingsandthatcouldcausepollution.6）先行词是be的表语或therebe的主语时.Heisnolongertheman(that)hewas.1)在非限定性定语从句中e.g.Brucewenttowardthefire,whichwasstillsmoking.◆只用which不用that的情况2)介词之后ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.3)先行词本身是that时Whatisthatwh
7、ichflashedintheskyjustnow?4)引导词后面有插入语的情况Hereisthebookwhich,asyouknow,Ilikebest.1)关系代词在从句中作宾语e.g.Haveyoureceivedthebook(that)Isentyoulastweek?◆关系词的省略2)关系代词在从句中作表语e.g.Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.3)关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，并且介词在句末e.g.Thisistheartist(whom)Ispoketoyouabout.1.
8、关系代词在从句中作主语e.g.Theclassroomthat/whichisonthefourthfloorispoorlyequipped.2.关系副词不可省略e.g.Ihavecomet
