大学英语精读教程-How-to-Debate课件.ppt

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1、HowtoDebateHowtoDebateDefinitionofArgumentToputforthreasonsfororagainst;Toproveorattempttoprovebyreasoning.Togiveevidenceofyourreasoning.Topersuadeorinfluence,asbypresentingreasons.BasicTermsDebateTopic主题affirmative/pro/forteam正方negative/con/againstteam反方Judges评委DebateMatterMannerMethodTh

2、eBuildingblocksforadebateIncludestheactualArgumentsyouuseHowyoupresentyourcaseIncludesbodylanguageanddeliveryThestrategicchoicesmadeinadebateItisthedeliverystyleadebaterusestopersuadetheaudience.Itisinvolvedinphysicalandvocalaspects:Appearance(dressappropriately)Stance站姿●physicalaspectGes

3、turesEyecontactStyle(beyourselfbutplanforvariety)UseofnotesManner--HowyoubehaveindebatingUseofnotesTips:(1)Don’tread(2)Dousenotes:toremindyouwhattosay,toremindyouwhentosayit,toremindyouhowtosayit.HowtoUseNotes:(1)Mainpoints:theheadingsnotafullscript(2)Theorderofthepoints:structureofspeech

4、(3)Thestyle:voice,speed,pause(toremindyouwhentousesoftcalmvoice,whentomoreaggressive,whentoslowdown)(4)Leavesomespaces(torenumbertheorderifnecessary)(5)Evidenceforeachmainpoint(smallcards,notpaper)(6)Havesparecardstowriterebuttal辩驳notes(7)Difficultwordsforpronouncingorremembering(inbiglet

5、ters)Volume(don’tshoutbutbeheard)Voice(varythepaceandpitch)Speed(don’tgabble:slowdown,clear,formal)Pauses●VocalaspectLanguage(keeplanguagesimple)signpostingrepetitionHumorPreparationTips:Askingyourselvesquestions:KnowledgeResourceofTeammembers:Howmuchdoweknowofthisissue?DebatingPositionso

6、fYourTeam:Whatadvantageswillwehavewiththistopic?KnowledgeofOpposingTeam’sstatus:Whatarethestrengths/weaknessesofouropponentsinthisdebate?Definingthetopic:clearlystatingmeaningsof“keyterms”CreatingArgumentsthatsupportit,splitthetopicintoseveralparts,leteachmemberrunonepart.Debatetips:Beago

7、odlistenerandmakenoteswhilelisteningMakegooduseofcardsandnotesAskingwell-preparedquestionsisagoodwayBefirm,powerfulbutpoliteYouaremorelikelytopersuadeanaudiencebyfocusingonwhattheybelievethanwhattheydon’tbelieveYouaremorelikelytowinbyarguingfromadifficultpositionFor