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1、常州工学院土建学院2011届毕业设计专业外文翻译专业土木工程姓名刘燕班级07土Y1学号07121318指导教师苏康陆嘉平2011年1月14日常州工学院土建学院目录1外文原文.............................................................11.1ReinforcedConcrete............................................11.2Earthwork.............................................
2、.........21.3SafetyofStructures...........................................42中文翻译............................................................72.1钢筋混凝土.....................................................72.2土方工程.......................................................82.3结构
3、的安全度...................................................9常州工学院土建学院1外文翻译1.1ReinforcedConcretePlainconcreteisformedfromahardenedmixtureofcement,water,fineaggregate,coarseaggregate(crushedstoneorgravel),air,andoftenotheradmixtures.Theplasticmixisplacedandconsolidatedinthefor
4、mwork,thencuredtofacilitatetheaccelerationofthechemicalhydrationreactionlfthecement/watermix,resultinginhardenedconcrete.Thefinishedproducthashighcompressivestrength,andlowresistancetotension,suchthatitstensilestrengthisapproximatelyonetenthlfitscompressivestrength.Conse
5、quently,tensileandshearreinforcementinthetensileregionsofsectionshastobeprovidedtocompensatefortheweaktensionregionsinthereinforcedconcreteelement.Itisthisdeviationinthecompositionofareinforcesconcretesectionfromthehomogeneityofstandardwoodorsteelsectionsthatrequiresamod
6、ifiedapproachtothebasicprinciplesofstructuraldesign.Thetwocomponentsoftheheterogeneousreinforcedconcretesectionaretobesoarrangedandproportionedthatoptimaluseismadeofthematerialsinvolved.Thisispossiblebecauseconcretecaneasilybegivenanydesiredshapebyplacingandcompactingthe
7、wetmixtureoftheconstituentingredientsareproperlyproportioned,thefinishedproductbecomesstrong,durable,and,incombinationwiththereinforcingbars,adaptableforuseasmainmembersofanystructuralsystem.Thetechniquesnecessaryforplacingconcretedependonthetypeofmembertobecast:thatis,w
8、hetheritisacolumn,abean,awall,aslab,afoundation.amasscolumns,oranextensionofpreviouslyplacedandhardened
