初中英语状语从句课件.ppt

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英语状语从句Theadverbialclause 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。当状语为句子时即为状语从句，一般可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、结果等概念。(一)、状语从句定义 Forexample：Jimjoinedthearmyin1989.Jimjoinedthearmywhenhewas20.HelearnedEnglishinAmerica.HelearnedEnglishwherehelived.Iwillhelpyouifyouaskme.HewearsaT-shirtthoughitiscold.｛｛ 状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句(二）状语从句分类 1.时间状语从句：1）由when引导。when指的是“当...时候”。WhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.Weshallgotherewhenwearefree.常用引导词：when,as,while,assoonas,before,after,since,till,until Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.Hehadjustfallenasleepwhenthephonerang.我们刚要出发，突然下起雨来。我们正开着会突然有人闯入。他刚刚睡着电话就响了 2）由while、as引导。while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，从句常译作“一边…一边…”。如：Whileitwasraining,theywentout.Strikewhiletheironishot.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent. 3）由before、after引导。before表示在…之前。after译为“在…之后”。如：Beapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher.Hearrivedafterthegamestarted. 4）由till、until引导。如：Wewaitedtill(until)hecameback.Shedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.until/till引导时间状语从句，意为“直到……”。当主句的谓语动词时延续性动词，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词时，主句常用否定形式。Not…until…意为“直到……才……”,”在....之前没有...”。I’llstayhereuntil/tillyoucomeback.我会呆在这里，直到你回来。Hedidn’tgotobeduntil/tillhefinishedhishomework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。 5）由since,assoonas引导。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasincehecamebackin1978.I’lltellheraboutthematterassoonasshereturnshome.Jerryrushedhomeassoonasheheardthenews还有：nosooner...than，hardly...when，thesecond，immediately等。since意为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时Assoonas意为“一…就”若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来。 2.地点状语从句：由where引导。“在....地方”如：Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.ThereareplentyofsheepwhereIlive.Wherethere’splentyofsunandrain，thefieldsaregreen. 3.原因状语从句：because用来回答why的问题，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。如：IcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwasonduty.常用引导词：because，since，asMarkisabsenttodaybecauseheisill.1）由because引导。 2）由since，as引导。since表示既然或已知的理由，稍加分析即可知道的原因,多放句首。as意为“由于”如：Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.Ashewasinahurry,Jacklefthisbaghome.由于走的匆忙，杰克把包落在了家里。 4.目的状语从句：由sothat,inorderthat引导。目的状语从句中常用情态动词may(might),can(could),should等连用，从句往往放在主句之后,主从句之间不用任何标点符号。如：IshallwritedownyourtelephonenumbersothatImaynotforgetit.TomranveryquicklyinorderthathecouldcatchupwithJack. 5.结果状语从句：Weturneduptheradiosothateveryoneheardthenews.常用引导词：sothat,so…that…，such…that（so接形容词、副词；such接名词）1）由sothat，so…that引导。Hewassoselfishthatnobodywantedtomakefriendswithhim.ItissuchanniceweatherthatI’dliketotakeawalk. 2）由such…that引导。such…that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用sucha/an…that,还可以转换用so…that，语气较强。Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.=Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.这是如此好的机会，我们一定不要错过。 6.条件状语从句：由if，unless，as/solongas引导。unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同义，unless是书面语，if…not是口语，通常二者可以换用。Weshallgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.=Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.Youmayborrowthisbookaslongasyoukeepitclean.I’llopenthewindowifyoudon’tmind. 7.让步状语从句：though/although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式，多放主句的前面。在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”（but），但可以与yet或still连用。Although(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.Eventhoughyoulikeit,Iwon’tbuyitforyou.Thoughsheworkshard,Shefailedintheexam.1）由though，although引导。常用引导词：though，although，as,while,evenif/though,wh＋ever 2）由as引导。as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。Childasheis,heknowsalot.=Though/Althoughheisachild,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit，Iwon’tbuytheexpensivecar.Difficultasthetaskwas，theymanagedtofinishitintime. while表示“虽然，尽管”之意，一般放句首。3）由while引导WhileIrespecthim,Ican’tagreewithhim.Whileheisaboy,hecanspeak3languages. 4）由evenif，eventhough引导。evenif和eventhough的意思为“即使”“纵使”多用于书面语中。如：I’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow. Whateverhappens(mayhappen)，don’tbesurprised.＝Nomatterwhathappens(mayhappen)，don’tbesurprised.5.由wh词＋ever引导让步状语从句=nomatterwh-Nomatterhowhardhetried,hecouldnotpasstheexam.Howeverhardhetried,hecouldnotpasstheexam. 1.填入适当的引导词。1.Ihaven’theardfromhim_____hewenttoAmerica.2.Hewon’tbehere_____heisinvited.3.Hewillnotgotothecinema_______heisverybusy.4.Wefoundthebooks____hehadgoneaway.sinceunlessbecauseafter【精练】 5.Heisexplainingclearly_______theycouldunderstand.6.Donotleavetheroom_____youhavefinishedthetest.7.Shesang______shewentalong.sothatuntilas 2.改错。Whateverthereisplentyofsunandrain,thefieldsaregreen.2.Sinceherhusbandhaddied,soshehadtosupport herfamily.Wherever 3.Hewon’tgooutuntilhismotherwillcome.4.Hewasveryfoolishthathedidn’tpasssuchaneasyexam.5.Itgavehimsoabigshockthathisfaceturnedpale.comessosuch