2020上海高考英语一模概要写作指导写作汇编.doc

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1、上海高考英语题型训练:写作2020高三第一学期期末质量抽查IV.SummaryWriting（10分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.松江ItgoeswithoutsayingthatthelanguagespokenbythemajorityofBritishpeoplehasthesamenameasthelanguagesp

2、okenbymostcitizensoftheU.S.A.Nonetheless,quiteapartfromwell-documentedlexical（词汇的）differences-pavement/sidewalk,lift/elevator,etc.-therearestillsomewordsandphraseswhichcancauseconfusionandmisunderstandingbetweenspeakersofthetwodifferentforms.That'swhysonicpeoplesaythatGreatBritainandth

3、eUnitedStatesarenationsseparatedbyacommonlanguage.Therearepracticalreasonsforthis.WhenthefirstEnglishsettlersarrivedinwhatwenowcallAmerica,thelanguagetheyspokewasnaturallythesameasthatspokenbytheircompatriots（同胞）ontheothersideoftheAtlanticOcean.However,theyimmediatelysawthingswhichdidn

4、'texistinEurope,oftenitemsusedandmadebyNativeAmericans,suchascanoesandmoccasinsandcreaturessuchasbuffalo.TheyalsopickedupwordswhichtheyheardbeingusedbyotherEuropeanimmigrants.Theword"boss”,forexample,wasusedbysettlersfromHollandinNewYorkinthemid-17thcentury.ItcomesfromtheDutchword"baas

5、'"whichmeansmaster.Theword"cookie"alsocomesfromtheDutch"koekje”.Therearemanywords,phrasesandevengrammaticalstructureswhicharemistakenforAmericanisms（美式英语用语）inBritainwhentheyarenothingofthesort.Veryoften,theyrepresentnotanAmericanimport,butanoriginalformofBritishEnglishwhichhasdisappear

6、edinBritain.Theverbs"guess”meaningthinkand“loan”meaninglendandtheadjective"mad"meaningangryarefrequentlycriticizedasAmericanisms,yettheyallappearedinBritishEnglishhundredsofyearsago.Inthecaseof“loan”,itwasusedaslongagoas1,200years!Infact,EnglishspokenintheUKhaschangedsothoroughlyinthel

7、ast500yearsthatAmericanEnglishnowrepresentsthelastplacewheresomeoriginalBritishEnglishformscanbefound.参考答案：AlthoughAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharethesamelanguage,therearegreatdifferences.Tworeasonsaccountforthephenomenon.NewwordswerecreatedafterthefirstEnglishsettlersinAmericasaw