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时间:2020-08-02
《语法专题6―宾语从句和状语从句课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、宾语从句定义:宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语。Eg:Ibelieveit.(主语+谓语+宾语)此句中it是宾语,如果它由一个句子来代替,那就是一个宾语从句。IbelievethatIcanwinthematch.宾语从句三要素:连接词语序(主句+连接词+主语+谓语)时态注意:宾语从句的标点符号。宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句1)如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号;2)如果主句是疑问句,句尾用问号。一、宾语从句的连接词(三类)1.连词:that2.连词:if、whether3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,
2、which,连接副词when,where,why,how1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。eg.Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.Shesaid(that)shewouldleaveamessageonhisdesk.Iamsure(that)youwillbesuccessfulinthefuture.Iamafraid(that)ImayforgetmyFrench.注意:在suggest后的宾语从句中,谓语用动词原形或should+动词原形e
3、g.Hesuggests(that)we(should)startworkingrightnow.2.连词if或whether(是否);引导一般疑问句做宾语从句。一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,以下3种情况只能用whether:①在不定式前:Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.②在介词前:Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.③与ornot连用:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.Eg:D
4、oyouknowif/whetherhewillgotoschooltomorrow?Doyouknowwhetherhewillgotoschoolornottomorrow?Heaskedif/whetherthatwasafasttrain.Heaskedwhetherthatwasafasttrainornot.MomaskedDadwhetherornothewascomingbackforlunch.3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它
5、们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.Iwanttoknowwhowasthefirsttoinventthecomputer.Iwonderwhosebookitwas.Tellmewhatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday.Hedidn’tknowwhenhewasleavingfortheUSA.Couldyoutellmewherethepostofficeis?Theteachera
6、skedhimwhyhewaslateforschool.Hedidn’tsayhowhemadethemodelplane.【注意】1.由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg.Idon'tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.==>Idon'tknowhowtodowiththepresents.Wehaven’tdecidedwherewecanspendourholiday.==>Wehaven’tdecidedwheretospendourholiday.二.宾
7、语从句的语序--从句要用陈述句语序。Eg:HowcanIgettothemuseum?--CanyoutellmehowIcangettothemuseum?Wheredoeshecomefrom?--Askhimwherehecomesfrom.Isthereapostofficenearhere?--Idon’tknowif/whetherthereisapostofficenearhere.注意:如果是对主语提问的特殊疑问句,变为宾语从句语序不变。Eg:Whocleanedtheclassroom?--Iwonder
8、whocleanedtheclassroom.三、宾语从句的时态1)主句时态是现在的时态,从句时态根据实际情况而定。Hesaysthathewentonatriplastweek.Hesaysthathegoesonatripeverymonth.Hesaysthatheisgoingonatripne
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