科技英语翻译基本方法课件.ppt

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1、科技英语翻译基本方法Oct.11一、照译（一）词语的照译armedtotheteeth武装到牙齿shedcrocodiletears流鳄鱼眼泪Springtidesoccureverytwoweeks,usuallywithinafewdaysofthenewandfullmoon.(二)句子的照译就句子的层面而言，照译指的是基本按照英语原文语序或原文主体结构的语序进行翻译的方法，即采用顺译法。如：Differentformsofenergyallcanbeusedtodowork.Researchersa

2、tMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）havedevelopedasiliconwaferimplantthatmaybeusedforlongtermdrugadministrationinthefuture.二、删减（一）词语的删减1.删减动词（包括非谓语动词）Whenthepressuregetslow，theboilingpointbecomeslow.Chemicalcleaninghasthedistinctadvantageofbeingequally

3、applicabletostraightorbowedtubes.Radarinvolvestransmittingelectromagneticwavesofveryshortwavelength.（2）删减冠词Theatomisthesmallestparticleofanelement.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.（3）删减代词Butit'sthewayIam，andtryasImight，Ihaven'tbeenabletochangeit.Onemus

4、thavestudiedhardbeforeonecouldsucceedinmasteringaforeignlanguage.(4)删减介词Smokingisprohibitedinpublicplaces.（5）删减连词（含各类关联词）Weightisadownforce，andthereforeanyobjectwillmovedownward.Thesunheatstheearth，whichmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theycametotheschoollab

5、,wheretheymadeexperimentsfortwohours.（6）删减语义重复的词语Semiconductordeviceshavenofilamentorheaters；hence,theyrequirenoheatingpowerorwarmeduptime.Increasedrateofreaction，inthepresenceofcatalyzers，iscalledcatalysis，orcatalyticaction.(二)子句的删减Theuniversityapplicants

6、whohadworkedatajobwouldreceivepreferenceoverthosewhohadnot.译文A：那些有过工作经验的报考大学的人要比不曾有过工作经验的报考大学的人优先录取。译文B：报考大学的人，有工作经验的要比没有工作经验的优先录取。译文C：报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。三、增补Heallowedthefathertobeoverruledbythejudge，anddeclaredhisownsonguilty.（一）为补足原文词汇含义而增补（1）对抽象名词进行增补deg

7、radation退化现象，降解作用distribution分布状况observation观察结果preparation准备工作/制备过程reduction还原反应/作用过程resonance共振现象Inrapidoxidationaflameisproduced.OurnormalizationissuchthatthecurvesinFig.3canberegardedasprobabilitydistributions.（2）对普通名词进行增补Thearrowsintheleadsidentifythe

8、materials.Lightwavesweakenastheyspreadoutfromasource.（3）对形容词以及名词定语进行增补ThisnewtypeofTVsetisreallyfineandinexpensive.Sinceconductionisbybothholesandelectrons,thejunctiontransistorisbipolar.（四）对动词进行增补Wemustmaket