Some Differences Between Structuralism and Poststructuralism 结构主义与后结构主义的差别.ppt

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1、SomeDifferencesBetweenStructuralismandPost-structuralismStructuralismanintellectualmovementdevelopedinEuropefromtheearlytomid-20thcenturyatheoreticalparadigmthatemphasizesthatelementsofculturemustbeunderstoodintermsoftheirrelationshiptoalarger,overarchingsystemor

2、structureanthropology,sociology,psychology,literarycriticism,economicsandarchitectureDeSaussure'sstructurallinguisticspropoundedrelatedconcepts1.Langue:anidealizedabstractionoflanguageParole:languageasactuallyusedindailylife2.Linguisticsignsconsistingof:signifier:the

3、"soundpattern"ofawordsignified:theconceptormeaningoftheword3.Binaryoppositions:twoideas,directlyopposed,eachofwhichweunderstandbymeansofitsoppositiontotheother.StructuralisminliterarytheoryandcriticismLiterarytexts——alargerstructure:aparticulargenrearangeofintertextu

4、alconnectionsamodelofauniversalnarrativestructureasystemofrecurrentpatternsormotifsStructuralisminliterarytheoryandcriticismastructureineverytext→everythingthatiswrittenseemstobegovernedbyspecificrules,ora"grammarofliteratureStructuralisminliterarytheoryandcriticismt

5、hestructureofliterarygenresthestructureofnarrativethestructureofliteraryinterpretation(P-176~182)potentialproblem:itcanbehighlyreductive.CatherineBelseyputsit:thestructuralistdangerofcollapsingalldifference.ArthurLaurent'sWestSideStoryShakespeare'sRomeoandJulietPos

6、t-structuralismemergedinFranceduringthe1960sasamovementcritiquingstructuralismcametointernationalprominenceinthe1960sand'70sstressesthattheauthor'sintendedmeaningissecondarytothemeaningthatthereaderperceives.MainIdeasofPost-structuralismrejectstheideaofaliterarytexth

7、avingasinglepurpose,asinglemeaning,oronesingularexistence.everyindividualreadercreatesanewandindividualpurpose,meaning,andexistenceforagiventext.beabletouseavarietyofperspectivestocreateamultifacetedinterpretationofatext(class,racialorsexualidentity)Tableofdifference

8、sStructuralismPost-structuralismTimeearly1900s1960sMajorFiguresRolandBarthesJuliaKristevaJacquesDerridaRolandBarthesOriginsLinguist