宏观经济学课件及习题第2章.ppt

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1、MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemployment1Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemploymentoutlineIntroductionGDP:definition,measures,strength,limitationTheunemploymentrate:definition,measure2Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemploymentImportantConceptsGrossdomesticpro

2、duct(GDP)国内生产总值Consumption,Investment,Governmentpurchases,Netexports消费、投资、政府采购、净出口RealversusnominalGDP实际与名义GDPUnemployment失业Laborforce劳动力Discouragedworkers丧失信心的工人3Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemploymentⅠ.IntroductionInthenews“RealGDP,thevalueofgoodsandservicesproducedint

3、heU.S.,grewatanannualrateof1percentinthefourthquarter….”4Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemployment“Theunemploymentratelastmonthroseto5.8percent,itshighestlevelsince….”5Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemployment“Inflationappearssubduedastheconsumerpriceindexregis

4、teredanincreaseofonly0.2percentlastmonth…”6Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemploymentEconomicsmeasurementdidnotcomeintoitsownuntilthetwentiethcentury.WW11wasanimportantcatalystforthedevelopmentofaccurateeconomicsstatistics7Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemployme

5、ntⅡ.GrossDomesticProduct:MeasuringtheNation’sOutput1.definitionGrossDomesticProduct(GDP)Themarketvalueofthefinalgoodsandservicesproducedinacountryduringagivenperiod8Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemployment（1）MarketValueMarketvalueisusedtoaggregatethequantitiesofdifferentg

6、oodsandservicesintoonemeasurement9Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemploymentExample:MarketValueCalculatingGDPforOrchardia(果园)Totalproduction=4apples,6bananas,and3pairsofshoesPriceofapples=$0.25Priceofbananas=$0.50Priceofshoes=$2010Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUn

7、employmentMarketValueCalculatingGDPforOrchardiaGDP(4x$0.25)+(6x$0.50)+(3x$20)=$6411Chapter5:MeasuringEconomicActivity:GDPandUnemploymentMarketValueObservationMoreexpensiveitemsreceiveahigherweightthancheaperitems.Orchardia’sproductionchangesto3apples,3bananas,and4shoesGDP(3x$0.25)+(3x

8、$0.50