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1、非谓语动词----动词不定式，分词，动名词动词不定式(not)todo/tobedone(被动形式)1.作主语Itis+形容词/名+forsb.+todosth.Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.e.g.:ItisnecessarytotakeanumbrellainGuangzhou.Itisdifficultforustotelldirectionsintheforest.Itisgoodtotakeawalkinthemorning.Ittakesme2hourstofinishthewriting.2.
2、作宾语主语+及物动词+todosthwant,hope,learn,decide,promise,forget1）她想放弃她的梦想。giveupShewantedtogiveupherdream.2）我决定不参加那个重要的会议。decideIdecidednottoattendtheimportantmeeting.3）Sheforgottoclosethedoor.主语+think,find,feel+it+形容词+todo注：todo可与when,which,who,what,how,where连用，放在及物动词之后
3、，作宾语。Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Johntaughtmehowtodriveacar.Thepoorchilddoesn’tknowwheretogo.3.作宾补主语+advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许….persuadesb.todosth.劝说…tellsb.todosth.告诉…invitesb.todo…..邀请…1)Headvisedmetothinkcarefully.2)Myfriendinvitedmetojoininherpart
4、y.4.作宾补（P48）感观动词主语+hear,see,watch,notice+sb.+(to)dosth.make,have+sb.+(to)dosth.（让某人做某事）使役动词1）Iheardhersingasong.2）Isawhimgetonthebus.3）我把这个小孩弄哭了。Imadethebabycry.----Thebaywasmadetocrybyme.5.做状语（目的）,为了，以便于…todo，inorderto，soastoIoftengetupearlyinordertocatchthefirs
5、tbus.Hecametotheairporttomeetme.表示结果状语：onlytosee,onlytofind,onlytobetold,too…to(却看见，却发现，却被告知…)Hehurriedtotheairportonlytobetoldthattheflightwascanceled.习惯用法主语+wouldliketodosth.想要做某事Whynot+dosth.为什么不…（提议）Youhadbetter+do你最好…prefertodosth.+（ratherthando），比起…，更喜欢做某事w
6、ouldrather+do宁愿做…分词（现在分词&过去分词）现在分词：（not）doing过去分词：（not）done1)作表语主+am/is/are+doing（表性质，特征）多修饰事物/done（状态）多修饰人interesting/interested;surprising/surprisedsatisfying/satisfied;exciting/excitede.g.:Tomwas_____whenhesawme.Thenewsis_____.2)作定语，分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词
7、短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词表主动，进行;过去分词表被动，完成。developingcountrydevelopedcountrytherisingsunflyingbirdsfallenleavesburningcandle3)分词作状语分词作状语，表示时间，条件，原因，结果或者伴随等。主+动词+宾语，现在分词短语（主动）主+动词+宾语，过去分词短语（被动）e.g.:Thestudentswentintotheclassroom,______.(有说有笑)laughtalklaughingandtalkin
8、gTheteacherwentin,______bysomestudents.(follow)_____onthetopofthemountain,Ifoundthecitybeautiful.(stand)4)分词作宾补感观动词，see,hear,notice,watch,使役动词,make,have,keep主+
