太阳“打蔫儿” 北半球今年或再现“冷冬”.doc

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1、太阳“打蔫儿”北半球今年或再现“冷冬”Solardimmingcantriggerfreezingwinters:study[2011-10-1316:27]Bigfreeze:CarsbattlesnowyweatherinDecemberlastyear(dailymail.co.uk)GetFlashPlayerAcyclicaldropinthesun'sradiationcantriggerunusuallycoldwintersinpartsofNorthAmericaandEurope,scientistssay,afindingthatcould

2、improvelong-rangeforecastsandhelpcountriesprepareforblizzards.Scientistshaveknownforalongtimethatthesunhasan11-yearcycleduringwhichradiationmeasuredbysunspotsonthesurfacereachesapeakthenfalls.Butpinningdownaclearlinktoweatherhasprovedharder."Ourresearchconfirmstheobservedlinkbetweens

3、olarvariabilityandregionalwinterclimate,"leadauthor科学家表示，太阳辐射的周期性减弱可能导致北美洲和欧洲部分地区出现异常“冷冬”。这项科学发现可以改进长期天气预报，帮助各国准备好应对风雪。早前研究发现，太阳的活动周期为11年，在此期间，以太阳表面黑子为衡量标准的太阳辐射达到峰年和谷年。但证实太阳活动周期与天气之间的明确联系一直存在困难。SarahInesonoftheUKMetOfficetoldthereportersinanemail.ThestudywaspublishedinthejournalNatur

4、eGeoscienceonMonday.Herteamfocusedondatafromtherecentsolarminimumduring2008-10,aperiodofunusualcalmforthesunandintensewintersintheUnitedStatesandpartsofEuropethatshutdownairtravelanddisruptedbusinesses.Theresearchersfoundthatareductioninultraviolet (UV)radiationfromthesuncanaffecthig

5、h-altitudewindpatternsintheNorthernHemisphere,triggeringcoldwinters."WhileUVlevelswon'ttelluswhattheday-to-dayweatherwilldo,theyprovidetheexcitingprospectofimprovedforecastsforwinterconditionsformonthsandevenyearsahead.Theseforecastsplayanimportantroleinlong-termcontingencyplanning,"

6、Ineson,aclimatescientist,said.InesonandcolleaguesfromtheImperialCollegeLondonandtheUniversityofOxfordusedsatellitedatathatmoreaccuratelymeasuresUVradiationfromthesunandfoundamuchgreatervariabilitythanpreviouslythought.Theyfoundthatinyearsoflowactivity,unusuallycoldairformshighintheat

7、mosphereoverthetropics.Thiscausesaredistributionofheatintheatmosphere,triggeringeasterlywindsthatbringfreezingweatherandsnowstormstonorthernEuropeandtheUnitedStatesand研究负责人、英国气象局的莎拉•伊尼森在电邮中告诉记者：“对已观测到的太阳活动变化与地区冬季气候之间的联系，研究予以了证实。”研究结果本周一发表在英国《自然—地球科学》杂志上。研究小组对最近的一次太阳活动谷年，也就是2008年至2010

8、年的数据进行了分析。这段