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1、华北农学报·2008,23(2):217-222几种水生植物净化能力比较1,2132王庆海,段留生,李瑞华,武菊英(1.中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094;2.北京草业与环境研究发展中心,北京100097;3.华中农业大学植物科技学院,湖北武汉430070)摘要:通过模拟人工湿地的方法测试了7种高等水生植物对农村生活污水的净化能力,旨在筛选合适的湿地植物。结果表明:有植物处理系统对COD、总氮和总磷的去除效果明显高于无植物对照,植物本身的氮磷累积作用对氮的去除贡献为7%～63%,磷的去除贡献为12%～65%。多数测试植物对氮磷的富集量茎叶高于根系。不同植物的净化能力也有
2、较大差异,从强到弱的顺序依次为芦竹>荻>菖蒲>芦苇>水生鸢尾>千屈菜>野慈姑。聚类分析结果显示这7种植物明显分为3类,其中,芦竹单独为一类,此类植物净化能力强;菖蒲、芦苇和荻为一类,此类植物净化能力较强;水生鸢尾、千屈菜和野慈姑为一类,此类植物净化能力较弱。关键词:水生植物;氮磷累积量;净化能力中图分类号:S94文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-7091(2008)02-0217-06ComparisonofNutrientUptakefromRuralDomesticSewageofAquaticPlants1,2132WANGQing-hai,DUANLiu-sheng,LIRu
3、i-hua,WUJu-ying(1.CollegeofAgricultureandBiotechnology,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100094,China;2.BeijingResearchandDevelopmentCenterforGrassandEnvironment,BeijingAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySciences,Beijing100097,China;3.CollegeofPlantScienceandTechnology,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversi
4、ty,Wuhan430070,China)Abstract:Theabilityof7highaquaticplantswascomparedinconstructedwetlandsimulatedforruraldomesticsewagetreatment.ThetreatmentsystemwithhydrophyteshadahigherremovalefficiencytoCOD,totalnitrogen(TN)andtotalphosphorus(TP)thanthatwithouthydrophytes.Theremovalcontributionrateofpla
5、ntaccumulationtonitrogenandphosporuswas7%-63%,12%-65%,respectively.Nitrogenandphosphorusaccumulationinstemsandleaveswerehigherthanthatinrootsofmosttestedhydrophytes.Thecomprehensiveevaluationresultindicatedthat,accordingtoplantpurificationabilitytothecontamination,theorderwasArundodonax>Triarrh
6、enasacchariflora>Acoruscalamus>Phragmitescommunis>Irispseudacorus>Lythrumsalicaria>Sagittariatrifolia.Theclusterresultshowedthatthese7hydrophytesweresortedintothreegroups,thefirstgroupincludingA.donax,whichpossessedthestrongestaccumulatedabilitytothecontamination;ThesecondgroupincludingA.calamu
7、s,Triarrhenasacchariflora,P.communis,whichpos-sessedstrongeraccumulatedability;ThethirdgroupincludingI.pseudacorus,L.salicariaandS.trifolia,whoseuptakeabilitytowaterpollutionwaslowestofthethreegroups.Keywords:Hydrophyte;Removalofn
