软件过程与管理chapter_15评审技术课件.ppt

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1、1Chapter15评审技术问题为什么需要评审，测试还不够吗？巨大的程序中找缺陷不容易，时间可能几个星期甚至几个月；重新设计编码，测试交给客户又是成本；最后客户重新集成到最终系统中；2天找和修复一个缺陷，管理费用就是4天，总成本是一个程序员六天的工资；一个程序员在修复的时候不能进行其他开发工作，一个6天的成本产生。评审重要性错误会随着软件过程的进展而放大；减少返工，节省时间；5WhatAreReviews?ameetingconductedbytechnicalpeoplefortechnicalpeopleatechnicalassessmentofaworkproductcreatedd

2、uringthesoftwareengineeringprocessasoftwarequalityassurancemechanism6WhatReviewsAreNotAprojectsummaryorprogressassessmentAmeetingintendedsolelytoimpartinformationAmechanismforpoliticalorpersonalreprisal!715.1软件缺陷对成本的影响ErrorsanddefectsError—aqualityproblemfoundbeforethesoftwareisreleasedtoendusersDe

3、fect—aqualityproblemfoundonlyafterthesoftwarehasbeenreleasedtoend-usersWemakethisdistinctionbecauseerrorsanddefectshaveverydifferenteconomic,business,psychological,andhumanimpactHowever,thetemporaldistinctionmadebetweenerrorsanddefectsinthisbookisnotmainstreamthinking大量研究表明：设计活动引入错误占所有错误的50%-65%。然而

4、，已经证明，评审技术在发现设计缺陷方面高达75%有效。作业依照本书的观点，解释错误和缺陷有什么不同？为什么我们不能等到测试的时候采取发现和纠正所有的错误？1015.2DefectAmplificationAdefectamplificationmodelcanbeusedtoillustratethegenerationanddetectionoferrorsduringthedesignandcodegenerationactionsofasoftwareprocess.ErrorspassedthroughAmplifiederrors1:xNewlygeneratederrorsDev

5、elopmentstepErrorsfromPreviousstepErrorspassedTonextstepDefectsDetectionPercentEfficiency作业15.315.41215.3评审度量及其应用Preparationeffort,Ep—theeffort(inperson-hours)requiredtoreviewaworkproductpriortotheactualreviewmeetingAssessmenteffort,Ea—theeffort(inperson-hours)thatisexpendingduringtheactualreviewRe

6、workeffort,Er—theeffort(inperson-hours)thatisdedicatedtothecorrectionofthoseerrorsuncoveredduringthereviewWorkproductsize,WPS—ameasureofthesizeoftheworkproductthathasbeenreviewed(e.g.,thenumberofUMLmodels,orthenumberofdocumentpages,orthenumberoflinesofcode)Minorerrorsfound,Errminor—thenumberoferror

7、sfoundthatcanbecategorizedasminor(requiringlessthansomepre-specifiedefforttocorrect)Majorerrorsfound,Errmajor—thenumberoferrorsfoundthatcanbecategorizedasmajor(requiringmorethansomepre-specifiedefforttocorr