高考英语《流行话题 语境识词4500》Unit 94　Managerial Stereotypes素材.doc

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1、高考英语《流行话题语境识词4500》Unit94　ManagerialStereotypes素材Unit94　　ManagerialStereotypes　　Whenwetraveltoaforeigncountry,wecarryinourbaggageapreconceivedideainthatcountry.Muchoftheknowledgewehaveofdifferentnationalitiesexistsasstereotypes--conventionalandover-simp

2、lifiedpictureswithoutindividualities.Stereotypesalsoexistsaboutoccupationsorprofessions.Descriptionsaboutmanagersfromdifferentcountriesmaybesomethinglikethis:　　Americanmanagershavein-deptknowledgeofthebusinesstheyrunandbaseball,butknowlittleabouttheres

3、toftheworld.TheythinkthateveryonewhoisnotAmericanwisheshewas.Theyonlylosewhentheplayingisnoteven.Thequarterlydividendistheircardinalgoal,andquickfixesarethemeanstoaccomplishit.　　BritishmanagersbecamemanagersbystudyingliteratureandhistoryatOxfordandbygo

4、ingthroughtheoldboynetwork.Thyhaveabroad,butnotalwaysthoroughknowledgeoftheircompany'soperations.Britishmanagersinvariablyarepoliteandtheyspicetheirconversationswithhumorousanecdotesthatexecutivesofothernationalitiesfailtoappreciate.　　Frenchmanagersare

5、Napoleonicandtheirmanagementstyleisimperial.Stiffhierarchiesdiscourageinformalrelationsandnurtureasenseof"them"versus"us".It'sdifficulttoreachtheboss.Theflowofinformationalwaysgoesone-way:downward.Frenchmanagerslovetotalk,thoughnotalwaysaboutitemsonthe

6、agenda.Theirinitialresponsetoproposalsisalwaysnegativejustbecausetheylikedebate.　　Germanmanagersprefertogobythebook.Theyhaveyearsoftechnicaltrainingandhighdegrees.Theyareformalandserious.Meetingsareconductedwithattentiontodetailsandtheysometimesraiseth

7、eirvoiceandpoundthetabletoseeiftheycanintimidatetheotherpartyintomakingconcessions.　　Italianmanagersareflexible,andoftenignorecompanyrules.Theyprefertelephoneandpersonalcontacttomemosandfaxes.Managementispaternalistic.Bossesgivetheiremployeesprotection

8、.They,inturn,areloyalandidentifywithcompanygoals.Informalnetworksoffamilyandpowerfulfriendsmattermuchinbusiness.　　Japanesemanagerssayyeswhenmeanno.Rankandsocialstatusareimportantandtheyareformalandreserved.ThemaindutyofJapanesemanagersi