微生物复习题具答案.doc

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1、Test1:DevelopmentofMicrobiologyMultiple-choice:1.Thefundamentalunitofalllivingorganismsisthe:A.membraneB.cellC.nucleusD.cellwall2.Organismsthatdonotcontainatruenucleusarereferredtoas:A.fungiB.eukaryoticC.prokaryoticD.nankaryotic3.Thethreekingdomclassificationsystemoforganismswasproposedby:A.P

2、asteurB.BaconC.WinogradskyD.Woese4.Fungidifferfrombacteriainanumberofcharacteristics.Thecellwallsinfungiarecomposedof,whilethecellwallsofbacteriaarecomposedofpeptidoglycanA.chitinB.phospholipidsC.proteinD.glucosamine5.Thefirstmicroscopesweredevelopedby:A.EhrlichB.MetchnikoffC.LeewenhoekD.List

3、er6.Theterm"antibiotic"means:A.asubstanceproducedbythelaboratorythatkillsorinhibitsothermicroorganismsB.asubstanceproducedbymicroorganismsthatkillsorinhibitsmoldsC.asubstanceproducedbymicroorganismthatkillsorinhibitsothermicroorganismsD.asubstanceproducedbymicroorganismsthatkillsorinhibitscan

4、cercells7.Thegeneticmaterialofabacteriaislocatedinthemolecule:A.RNAB.DNAC.proteinD.lipidFILLINBLANKS:1.Organismsthatcontainatruenucleusarecalled_eukaryotic______2.Bacteriadonothaveatruenucleusandareconsidered_prokaryotic______3.Bacteriacanbedividedintotwogroups,the_archaeaandthe_eubacteria_.4

5、._anaerobes_areorganismsthatcangrowwithoutusingmolecularoxygen.5.MicroorganismsthatcansynthesizecomplexorganiccompoundsfromCO2arecalled_autotroph_.6._phototrophsaremicroorganismsthatobtaintheirenergytosynthesizeorganiccompoundsfromlight.7.Heterotrophrequireorganiccompoundsforgrowth.8.Organism

6、sthatsurviveonlyatveryhightemperaturesarereferredtoas_thermophile_.9._methanogen_areorganismsthatproducemethanefromCO2.10._halophile_____organismsgrowunderconditionsofhighsalinity.11.Eubacteriacanexhibitanumberofmorphologicalshapes.Identifyfour:a._sphericalorcocci_____b._cylindricalorrod_____

7、c._spirals_____d._irregularorfilament____丝状体_12.Fungi,algaeandprotozoacanbedifferentiatedfrombacteriabythefollowingcharacteristic:_eukaryotic______.13.Fungihavecellwallconsistingof_chitin______.14.Virusesconsistof_nucleicacid_____surroundedby