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1、摘 要无线定位服务是一种有着广阔市场前景的移动增值业务,基本原理是利用现有蜂窝网络,通过对各种位置特征参数,包括到达时间(TOA)、到达时间差(TDOA)、到达方向(DOA)的测量和估计,来实现移动用户的定位。本论文对无线通信网络中基于TDOA的无线定位技术进行了研究。本文分析了国内外相关研究现状,给出了移动台定位的几种基本方法,并给出了TDOA定位的双曲线数学模型,分析了基于TDOA定位的Chan算法、遗传算法(GA)和差分演进算法(DE),并对其进行了计算机仿真。仿真结果表明,三种算法各有优缺点:Chan算法定位
2、精度较低但运算速度很快,GA算法和DE算法定位精度高但收敛时间较长。在上述研究的基础上,本论文提出了三种新的定位算法:基于TDOA的Chan-GA算法、Chan-DE算法和Chan-IDE算法。并在相同的仿真环境下进行比较,仿真结果表明,在保证种群数量的情况下,所提的算法性能稳定,能找到逼近全局最优点的解,相对于Chan算法精度更高,相对于以前的算法在保证收敛性能的前提下有更快的收敛速度。关键词:移动台定位;到达时间差;遗传算法;差分演进算法;免疫算法ABSTRACTCellularwirelesslocationse
3、rviceisanewmobilevalue-addedservicewithagoodmarketfuture.Itsbasicprincipleistoimplementmobileuserlocationthroughestimatingcharacteristicparametersrelativetoposition,includingtime-of-arrival(TOA),time-difference-of-arrival(TDOA),direction-of-arrival(DOA),etc.This
4、thesisaimsattheresearchofwirelesslocationtechnologybasedontime-relatedmeasurementsinWirelessCommunicationSystem.Thethesisanalyzesthedomesticandforeigncorrelationresearchofpresentsituation,andgivesseveralessentialmethodsofmobilelocation.Afterthat,themathematicalm
5、odelofTDOAhyperbolicequationsisestablished,threelocationalgorithmsbasedontime-difference-of-arrival(TDOA),Chan,geneticalgorithmandDifferentialEvolutionareanalyzed,andhavebeencarriedonthesimulationtothem.Thesimulationresultsshowthatallthealgorithmshavetheadvantag
6、esanddisadvantages.TheChanalgorithmhasbadlocationaccuracyandveryquickoperatingspeed.Tothecontrary,thegeneticalgorithmandDifferentialEvolutionhaveahighaccuracyandafastconvergencetime.Basedontheaboveinvestigation,threenewlocationalgorithmscalledChan-GAalgorithm,Ch
7、an-DEalgorithmandChan-IDEalgorithmbasedonTDOAmeasurementsareputforward.Carryingonthecomputersimulationtothemunderthesameenvironment,thesimulationresultsshowthatifthepopulationsizeisbigenough,thealgorithmisrobustandcanfindthecoordinates.IthasahigheraccuracythanCh
8、analgorithmsandafasterconvergencetimethangeneticalgorithm.Keywords:Mobilelocation;TDOA;Geneticalgorithm;DifferentialEvolution;Immunealgorithm目 录第1章 绪论11.1 课题研究背景11.2