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1、福师《大学英语(2)》第一课Nature课堂笔记AirPollution空气污染Airsuppliesuswithoxygenwhichisessentialforourbodiestolive.①Airis99.9%nitrogen,oxygen,watervaporandinertgases.②Humanactivitiescanreleasesubstancesintotheair,someofwhichcancauseproblemsforhumans,plants,andanimals.③空
2、气为我们提供生存所必不可少的氧气。空气中99.9%由氮气﹑氧气﹑水蒸气和惰性气体组成。人类活动释放出的物质进入空气,其中的一些会对人类﹑植物和动物造成影响。Thereareseveralmaintypesofpollutionandwell-knowneffectsofpollutionwhicharecommonlydiscussed.Theseincludesmog,acidrain,thegreenhouseeffect,and"holes"intheozonelayer.④Eachofthes
3、eproblemshasseriouseffectsonourhealthandwell-beingaswellasonthewholeenvironment.污染有几大类型,所造成的影响广为人知,也经常引发讨论,包括烟尘﹑酸雨﹑温室效应和臭氧层“空洞”。这些问题已严重影响到我们的健康和幸福,也影响到整个环境。Onetypeofairpollutionisthereleaseofparticlesintotheairfromburningfuelforenergy.Dieselsmokeisagood
4、exampleofthisparticularmatter.Thistypeofpollutionissometimesreferredtoas"blackcarbon"pollution.⑤Theexhaustfromburningfuelsinautomobiles,homes,andindustriesisamajorsourceofpollutionintheair.⑥Someauthoritiesbelievethateventheburningofwoodandcharcoalinfire
5、placesandbarbequescanreleasesignificantquantitiesofsootintotheair.一类空气污染是在燃烧燃料获取能源时将粒子排放到空气中。柴油烟雾就是一个显著的例子。这种类型的污染有时被称为“炭黑”污染。汽车﹑住家及工业燃烧燃料所排出的废气是空气中一个主要的污染来源。一些部门认为,即便是在壁炉中或是在烧烤时燃烧木材和木炭就能释放出大量的煤烟到空气中。Anothertypeofpollutionisthereleaseofharmfulgases,such
6、assulfurdioxide,carbonmonoxide,nitrogenoxides,andchemicalvapors.Thesecantakepartinfurtherchemicalreactionsoncetheyareintheatmosphere,formingsmogandacidrain.⑦另一类污染是有毒气体的排放,如二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氮氧化物及化学蒸气。一旦它们进入大气,就会产生更为剧烈的化学反应,形成烟雾和酸雨。Smogisatypeoflarge-scaleoutdoo
7、rpollution.Itiscausedbychemicalreactionsbetweenpollutantsderivedfromdifferentsources,primarilyautomobileexhaustandindustrialemissions.Citiesareoftencentersofthesetypesofactivities,andmanysufferfromtheeffectsofsmog,especiallyduringthewarmmonthsoftheyear.
8、烟雾是一种大规模的户外污染。它是由来源不同的污染物之间的化学反应所导致的,这些污染物主要是汽车尾气和工业废气。城市往往是这类活动的中心。许多人深受烟雾之害,尤其是在一年中温暖的几个月中。Anotherconsequenceofoutdoorairpollutionisacidrain.Whenapollutant,suchassulfuricacidcombineswithdropsofwaterintheair,thewaterorsnowcanbec