高中英语 Unit 5 First aid Using language素材 新人教版必修5.doc

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1、FirstAidforBurnsAmericanInstituteforPreventiveMedicineBurnscanresultfromdryheat(fire),moistheat(steam,hotliquids),electricity,chemicals,andradiation(i.e.,sunlight).Treatmentforburnsdependson:Thedepthoftheburn(whetheritisfirst,second,orthirddegree).Howmuc

2、hareaofthebodyisaffected.Thelocationoftheburn.Firstdegreeburnsaffectonlytheouterskinlayer.Theareaappearsdry,red,andmildlyswollen.Afirstdegreeburnispainfulandsensitivetotouch.Mildsunburnandbriefcontactwithaheatsourcesuchasahotironareexamplesoffirstdegreeb

3、urns.Firstdegreeburnsshouldfeelbetterwithinadayortwo.Theyshouldhealinaboutaweekiftherearenootherproblems.(See"FirstAidProceduresforFirstDegreeBurns".)Seconddegreeburnsaffecttheskin'slowerlayersaswellastheouterskin.Theyarepainful,swollen,andshowrednessand

4、blisters.Theskinalsodevelopsaweepy,waterysurface.Examplesofseconddegreeburnsareseveresunburn,burnscausedbyhotliquidsandaflashfromgasoline.Firstaidprocedurescanbeusedtotreatmanyseconddegreeburnsdependingontheirlocationandhowmuchareaisaffected.(See"Questio

5、nstoAsk"and"FirstAidProceduresforSecondDegreeBurns".)Thirddegreeburnsaffecttheouteranddeeperskinlayersaswellasanyunderlyingtissueandorgans.Theyappearblackandwhiteandcharred.Theskinisswollenandunderlyingtissueisoftenexposed.Thepainfeltwiththirddegreeburns

6、maybelessthanwithfirstorseconddegreeburns.Therecanalsobenopainatallwhennerveendingsaredestroyed.Painmaybefeltaroundthemarginoftheaffectedarea,however.Thirddegreeburnsusuallyresultfromelectricshocks,burningclothes,severegasolinefiresandthelike.Theyalwaysr

7、equireemergencytreatment.Theymayresultinhospitalizationandsometimesrequireskingrafts.