Spearman's-Rank-史皮尔曼等级相关系数.ppt

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1、BasicSocialStatisticforALGeographyHOPui-singContentLevelofMeasurement(DataTypes)NormalDistributionMeasuresofcentraltendencyDependentandindependentvariablesCorrelationcoefficientSpearman’sRankReilly’sBreak-point/Reilly’sLawLinearRegressionLevelofMeasurementNominalScale:Eg.China,USA

2、,HK,…….OrdinalScale:Eg.Low,Medium,High,VeryHigh,….IntervalScale:Eg.27oC,28oC,29oC,…..RatioScaleEg.$20,$30,$40,…..NormaldistributionWhere=mean,s=standarddeviationMeasuresofcentraltendencyUseavaluetorepresentacentraltendencyofagroupofdata.Mode:MostFrequentMedian:MiddleMean:ArithmeticA

3、verageMode:MostFrequentMedian:MiddleMean:ArithmeticAverageDependentandIndependentvariablesDependentvariables:valuechangesaccordingtoanothervariableschanges.Independentvariables:Valuechangesindependently.XYXisindependentvariable,andYisdependentvariableScattergramX–independentvariabl

4、eY–dependentvariable(7,8)wherex=7,y=8(3,8)wherex=3,y=8Wherex=incomey=beautifulCorrelationCoefficientThecorrelationcoefficient(r)indicatestheextenttowhichthepairsofnumbersforthesetwovariableslieonastraightline.(linearrelationship)Rangeof(r):-1to+1Perfectpositivecorrelation:+1Perfectn

5、egativecorrelation:-1Nocorrelation:0.0CorrelationCoefficientStrongpositivecorrelation(relationship)CorrelationCoefficientStrongnegativecorrelation(relationship)CorrelationCoefficientNocorrelation(relationship)CorrelationCoefficientSpearman’sRank史皮爾曼等級相關係數Comparetherankingsonthetwose

6、tsofscores.Itmayalsobeabetterindicatorthatarelationshipexistsbetweentwovariableswhentherelationshipisnon-linear.Rangeof(r):-1to+1Perfectpositivecorrelation:+1Perfectnegativecorrelation:-1Nocorrelation:0.0Spearman’sRankwhere:rs=spearman’scoefficientDi=differencebetweenanypairofranksN

7、=samplesizeSpearman’sRankSpearman’sRank(Examples)ThefollowingtableshowstheSOIinthemonthofOctoberandthenumberoftropicalcyclonesintheAustralianregionfrom1970to1979.YearOctoberSOINumberoftropicalcyclones1970+11121971+18171972-12101973+10161974+9111975+18131976+4111977-1371978-571979-21

8、2UsingtheSpearman’s