1、1.Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)2.Subject(主语)+Link.V(系动词)+Predicate(表语)3.Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Object(宾语)4.Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirectobject(间接宾语)+Directobject(直接宾语)5.Subject(主语)+Verb(动词)+Object(宾语)+Complement(补语)句型一:主语+不及物动词不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的意念, 不需要宾语及补语, 但有时可有副词, 介词短语等状语修饰语。e.g. The rain stopped . The ol
2、d man walks in the park .句型一的扩展:1.主语+不及物动词+状语e.g. The machine works smoothly. (机器运转正常。)2.主语+不及物动词+动词不定式e.g. They stopped to take a short rest . (他们停下来稍作休息)特别提醒动词stop可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。作不及物动词时,通常后接动词不定式,表示停下来的目的是做另一件事。作及物动词时,通常后接动名词,表示停止做这件事。e.g. They stopped taking a rest .注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动
5、yarewillingtohelp.Wearedeterminedtofollowhisexample.句型三:主语+及物动词+宾语及物动词本身需要一个动作的接受者(宾语),才可以表达一个完整的意念。e.g. We are learning English .Do you know him ?Your radio needs repairing .句型四:主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达一个完整意念。e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt.Give me the book, please.特别提醒A.在此句型中, 通常是间
6、接宾语(人)在前,直接宾语(物)在后,有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调,这时间接宾语前应加上适当的介词。e.g. Her mother bought a skirt for her . Give the book to me , please .直接宾语与间接宾语对调时,间接宾语前加介词to的动词有:give,tell , lend , sell,teach , send,write,show, return,bring,pass,leave,offer,hand间接宾语前加介词for的动词有:buy,choose,get,make,order,sing,do,playB.如果直
7、接宾语为人称代词那么必须把直接宾放在间接宾语前,且间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。e.g. I handed it to our teacher .不能说:I handed our teacher it .C.此句型变为被动语态时,可分为两种情况。e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt . a. She was bought a skirt by her mother .b. A skirt was bough