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1、人教课标版高二选修8Unit1英语课件GrammarLookatthefollowingclausesinthesentencesandthinkaboutwhatroledotheseclausesplayinthesentences.WhatattractspeopletoCaliforniaisitspleasantclimateandrelaxedlifestyle.ThisiswhyeachyearagreatnumberofpeoplefromallovertheworldtrytoimmigratetoCalifornia.However,m
2、ostapplicantsknowthattheyhaveverylittlechanceofgettingavisa.主语表语宾语1.概念在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句(SubjectClause)、宾语从句(ObjectClause)、表语从句(PredicativeClause)和同位语从句(AppositiveClause)。名词性从句Whathewantstotel
3、lusisnotclear.Ibelieve(that)heishonest.Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句2.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词/从属连词that,whether,if不充当从句的任何成分连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词:when, where, how,
4、why3.不可省略的连词：1)介词后的连词2)引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.SubjectClause(主语从句)ObjectClause(宾语从句)PredicativeClause(表语从句)Nounclause一、主语从句在复合句中作主语,它可以位于句首,但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethatth
5、eearthisround.主语从句的用法2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.注意:连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略(注:if不可用来引导主语从句）二、用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis＋名词＋从句Itisafactthat…事实是……Itisanhonorthat……非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句(多用should)Itisnaturalt
6、hat…很自然……Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是……(3)Itis＋不及物动词＋从句Itseemsthat…似乎……Ithappenedthat…碰巧……Itappearsthat…似乎……(4)Itis＋过去分词＋从句Itisreportedthat…据报道……Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…Itissaidthat…据说……Itiscertainthathewillcome.ItissaidthatsomeAmericanfriendswillvisitourschoolnextweek.Ithappenedthatwewer
7、eoutforawalkyesterdayevening.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherIstayornot.三、用带-ever的引导词(如whoever,whatever)引导的主语从句一般不后置。Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldclosethedoor.Whateverwedomustbeintheinterestsofthepeople.四、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是
8、什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/who
