名词性从句的特点.doc

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1、英语名词性从句的特点　英语的名词性从句（Nounclause）具有名词的句法功能，在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。其表现特点有以下六个方面：1．来源于疑问句并含间接疑问的名词性从句。例如：Howtheprisonerescapedremainsamystery.（主语从句）试比较：Howdidtheprisonerescape?Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.（宾语从句）试比较：Ishefitforthejob?Theproblemiswhowillbeequaltothet

2、ask.（表语从句）试比较：Whowillbeequaltothetask?Hehadnoideawhetherwecouldovercomethepresentdifficultiesornot.（同位语从句）试比较：Heaskedwhether/ifwecouldovercomethepresentdifficulties.引导此类名词性从句的连接词直接来源于疑问句的疑问词。名词性从句用陈述句语序。2．来源于陈述句的名词性从句。例如：Thathecamebackmadeusveryhappy.（主语从句）试比较：

3、Hecameback.I’msorry(that)I’vemadeamistake.（宾语从句）试比较：I’vemadeamistake.Hepretended(that)hedidn’tseeme.（宾语从句）试比较：Hedidn’tseeme.Thefactisthathisbarkisworsethanhisbite.（表语从句）试比较：Hisbarkisworsethanhisbite.Wordcamethathewouldcometoseeusall.（同位语从句）试比较：Hewouldcometoseeu

4、sall.由此可见，凡由陈述演绎而来的名词性从句，其引导词一律为that。引导宾语从句的that在口语或非正式语体中常可省略。3．来源于“先行词+定语从句”的名词性从句，其引导词一般是含有先行词在内的关系代词“what”。例如：Whattheteachersayshasadeepeffectonhispupils.（主语从句）试比较：All(that)theteachersayshasadeepeffectonhispupils.Thedoctordidwhathecouldtosavethedyingboy.（宾语

5、从句）试比较：Thedoctordideverything(that)hecouldtosavethedyingboy.Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.（表语从句）试比较：Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatsheusedtobe.4．来清于“any+定语从句”的强调式名词性从句，其引导词为whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever等。例如：Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished.（主语从句）试比较：Anyon

6、ewhobreaksthelawistobepunished.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost.（宾语从句）试比较：Hewillgivethedictionarytoanyonewhoneedsitmost.We’llrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.试比较：We’llrememberanyone(whom)weturnedtoforhelp.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.（宾语从句）试比较：

7、Theywilldoanythingthathewantsthemtodo.I’llreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.（宾语从句）试比较：I’llreadanyofthe booksthat yougiveme.Whoevercomesfirstmayhaveenoughtodo.（主语从句）试比较：Anyonewhocomesfirstmayhaveenoughtodo.5．来源于感叹句的名词性从句，其引导词是what和how。例如：Margarettoldhimwhatagooddeedheh

8、addone.（宾语从句）试比较：Whatagooddeedyouhavedone!George,youdon’tknowhowharditistomakebothendsmeet.（宾语从句）试比较：Howharditistomakebothendsmeet!感叹句充当名词性从句仍具有感慨的意思。6．名词性从句与非谓语动词之间存在转换关系。名