微生物学专业词汇英汉双语对照.doc

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1、华南师范大学生命科学学院微生物课程组编2003年12月26日微生物学专业词汇英汉双语对照（生物科学专业用）Microorganism微生物Microbiology微生物学Leeuwenhock列文虎克Pasteur巴斯德Whittaker魏塔克Koch科赫Jenner琴纳Fleming弗莱明Florey佛罗理Chain钱恩Beijerinck贝哲林克Stanley斯坦莱Lister李斯特coccus球菌rod杆菌spirillum螺旋菌vibrio弧菌Tetanus破伤风Anthracnose炭疽病peptidoglycan肽聚糖protoplast原生质体spheroplast球

2、形体bacterialL-form细菌L形nucleoid拟核flagellum鞭毛capsule荚膜colony菌落lawn菌苔schizogenesis裂殖algocyan藻蓝素heterocyst异形胞Bacteria细菌Actinomycetes放线菌Rickettsia立克次氏体Chlamydozoan衣原体mycoplasma支原体cyanobacteria蓝细菌yeast酵母菌mold霉菌virus病毒virion病毒粒子budding芽殖aflatoxin黄曲霉毒素septum隔膜arthrospore节孢子conidium分生孢子sporangiospore孢囊孢

3、子plasmogamy质配karyogamy核配meiosis减数分裂oospore卵孢子zygospore接合孢子progametangium原配子囊homothallism同宗接合heterothallism异宗接合ascospore子囊孢子ascocarp子囊果ascus子囊basidiospore担孢子Guarnieri’sbody顾氏小体Negri’sbody内基氏小体X-bodyX体capsomere衣壳粒capsid衣壳multiplication增殖phage噬菌体plague噬菌斑rabies狂犬病burstsize烈解量Wateractivity水的活度phot

4、oautotroph光能自养生物photoheterotroph光能异养生物chemoautotroph化能自养生物chemoheterotroph化能异养生物simplediffusion单纯扩散facilitateddiffusion促进扩散activetransport主动运输grouptranslocation基团移位medium培养基solidmedium固体培养基liquidmedium液体培养基semisolidmedium半固体培养基agar琼脂potatodextroseagarmediumPDA培养基beefextractpeptonemedium肉膏蛋白胨培养

5、基Gause'sNo1syntheticmedium高氏1号合成培养基Czapek'smedium察氏培养基maltextractmedium麦芽汁培养基Ashbymedium阿须贝培养基eosin-methyleneblueagarmedium伊红美兰琼脂培养基carbonsource碳源nitrogensource氮源growthfactor生长因子mineralelement矿质元素metabolism新陈代谢amylase淀粉酶cellulase纤维素酶ammonification氨化作用proteinase蛋白酶extracellularenzyme胞外酶intracel

6、lularenzyme胞内酶fermentation发酵pasteureffect巴斯德效应denitrification反硝化作用desulfurization反硫酸化作用methanogen产甲烷细菌nitrobacteria硝化细菌nitrification硝化作用nitrogenfixation固氮作用nitrogenase固氮酶Mo-Fe-protein钼铁蛋白Fe-protein铁蛋白alcoholfermentation酒精发酵fermentionoflacticacid乳酸发酵aceticacidfermentation醋酸发酵growth生长growthcurve

7、生长曲线lagphase延迟期logphase对数期stationaryphase稳定期declinephase死亡期synchronouscultivation同步培养continuouscultivation连续培养continuousfermentation连续发酵antisepsis防腐disinfection消毒sterilization灭菌boiling煮沸incineration焚烧baking烘烤autoclaving高压灭菌autoclave高压锅华