测试题测试报-译林牛津必修1（最新）U2_语法.doc

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1、定语从句（二）一、“介词+关系代词”结构1.可代替when,where,why,that等关系词e.g.Thereisnoreasonforwhich(why)weshouldn’tbefriends.2.介词后面的关系词不能省略。e.g.Hereisthemoneywithwhichtobuyapiano.3.that前不能有介词。4.某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以跟关系副词when和where互换。e.g.ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.　Thisist

2、hehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.　Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?　Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?二、关系副词的用法：关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系副词when时间时间状语Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhich代替where地点地点状语ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich代替why原因原因状语Ican’timag

3、inethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich代替（一）基本用法关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when,where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。1.when在从句中作时间状语。常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。e.g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.=Aprilthefirstisthedayonwhichpeoplemakefunofothers.2.whe

4、re在从句中作地点状语。常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,onwhich等取代。第8页共8页e.g.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.=Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.3.whywhy在定语从句中作原因状语。可用forwhich代替。why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用forwhich代替。e.g.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.=Thisisthereasonforwhichhewentaway

5、.（二）关系副词常可用“介词+关系代词”的结构改写这里的关系代词只限于which和whom，例如①IwillneverforgetthenightwhenImetyouforthefirsttime.=IwillneverforgetthenightonwhichImetyouforthefirsttime.②ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.=ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.③Wedon’tknowthereasonforwhichhesudden

6、lyfellill.=Wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhesuddenlyfellill.注意：并不是所有的介词+关系代词的结构都可用关系副词替代。例如：Iamveryimpressedbythewayinwhichheworks.这里inwhich代表的是intheway,在句中作方式状语。只有当介词+关系代词结构作表示时间、地点和原因的状语时，才能相应地用when,where和why代替。（三）如何判断是用关系代词还是关系副词这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分。前者充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，后者

7、充当状语。试比较下面两组句子：①Thisisthefactorythat/whichproducesradios.Thisisthefactorywhereradiosareproduced.第一句中划线部分在从句中作主语，故而应选用关系代词：Thefactoryproducesradios.而第二句中划线部分在从句中作地点状语故而应选用关系副词：Radiosareproducedinthefactory.②Doyourememberthedays(that)wespenttogether?Doyourememberthedayswh

8、enweworkedtogether?第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：Wespentthedaystogether.而第二句中关系副词作时间状语：Weworkedtogetherduringthedays.（四）一些需要