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1、AnAnalysisonSatiricalDevicesinHowtoLiveWellonNothingaYear,VanityFairInHowtoLiveWellonNothingaYear,VanityFair,aquiterepresentativeexcerpt,Thackerayabundantlyandappropriatelyemploysthesatiricaldevicebyelaboratedescriptionofthewell-craftedandcompellingfeaturesofth
2、echaractersinprofoundlycynicalandtrenchantwords,whichoutrightrevealshismarvelouscapabilityinwritingsatire.Toachievetheironicartisticeffect,heusedvariousmethodssuchasmakinglargequantitiesofliterarycomparisons,employingsymbolisminnaming,makingsarcasticcommentsont
3、hecharactersandusingculturalallusionsandetc.Moreover,thewayThackerayemployssatiricaldeviceisnevertoodeliberatebutexceedinglynaturalandsmooth,makingtheauthor’ssarcasticattitudebetweenthelinespeculiarlyamusingtoperceivebythereaders.InthesecondparagraphofHowtoLive
4、WellonNothingaYear,whendescribingtheluxuriantandcomfortablelivesthatMr.andMrs.CrawleyledsoonaftertheirarrivalinParis,theauthorwrote,“whomayhavebeendisposedduringthisperiodofelationtoslightthepeople”,inwhichthesatiricaltonewasrathercrystal-clear.Thephrase“dispos
5、edto”vividlyindicatedthatMr.CrawleydidorpaidliterallynothingbutcouldstilllivewellandbefervidlywelcomedsimplyonthearistocraticprestigeoftheCrawleyfamily,ormoreprecisely,hisaunt,revealingthehypocrisyandabsurdityofthearistocratsofhigherclass.“Thisperiodofelationto
6、slightthepeople”showedMr.Crawley’sgenuineattitudetowardsthemilitaryandthewar:heactuallydespisedthemandonlywantedtomakeagreatfortunefromthewar,nomatterhowdespicableandabhorrentthatwas.AsThackerayputitinasatiricaltone,“OurfriendtheColonelhadagreataptitudeforallga
7、mesofchance,andexercisinghimself,ashecontinuallydid,withthecards”,hedescribedMr.Crawley’stirelessindulgenceingamblingofallkindsas“exercisinghimselfwiththecards”,sneeringathispursuitofnothingseriousormeaningfulbutindulgentpleasureingambling.AsThackerayemployedan
8、omniscientnarratortotellthestory,heevenstartedwith“ourfriend”torefertoMr.Crawleyinasuperficiallyeasygoingtone,furtherheighteningtheeffectofsatire.InthischapterofVanityFair,s
