土木毕业论文Prestressed Concrete Concrete is strong外文翻译.doc

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1、河北联合大学本科毕业生毕业设计说明书外文翻译专业：土木工程班级：08土木3班姓名：杜慧美学号：200804010329指导教师：韩建强2012年06月05日PrestressedConcreteConcreteisstrongincompression，butweakintension:itstensilestrengthvariesfrom8to14percentofitscompressivestrength.Duetosuchalovetensilecapacity，flexuralcracksdevelopatearlystagesofl

2、oading.Inordertoreduceorpreventsuchcracksfromdeveloping，aconcentricoreccentricforceisimposedinthelongitudinaldirectionofthestructuralelement.Thisforcepreventsthecracksfromdevelopingbyeliminatingorconsiderablyreducingthetensilestressesatthecriticalmidspanandsupportsectionsatse

3、rviceload，therebyraisingthebending，shear，andtorsionacapacityoftheconcreteincompressioncanbeefficientlyutilizedacrosstheentiredepthoftheconcretesectionswhenallloadsactonthestructure.Suchanimposedlongitudinalforceiscalledaprestressingforce，i.e.，acompressiveforcethatprestressest

4、hesectionsalongthespanofthestructuralelementpriortotheapplicationofthetransversegravitydeadandliveloadsortransienthorizontalliveloads.Thetypeofprestressesingforceinvolved，togetherwithitsmagnitude，aredeterminedmainlyonthebasisofthetypeofsystemtobeconstructedandthespanlengthand

5、slendernessdesired.Sincetheprestressingforceisappliedlongitudinallyalongorparalleltotheaxisofthemember，theprestressingprincipleinvolvediscommonlykNownaslinearprestressing.Circularprestressing，usedinliquidcontainmenttanks，pipes，andpressurereactorvessels，essentiallyfollowsthesa

6、mebasicprinciplesasdoeslinearprestressing，Thecircumferentialhoop，or”hugging”stressonthecylindricalorsphericalstructure，neutralizesthetensilestressesattheouterfibersofthecurvilinearsurfacebytheinternalcontainedpressure.Itisplainthatpermanentstressesintheprestressedstructuralme

7、mberarecreatedbeforethefulldeadandliveloadsareappliedinordertoeliminateorconsiderablyreducethenettensilestressescausedbytheseloads.Withreinforcedconcrete，itisbecausethetensileforcesresultingfromthebendingmomentsareresistedbythebondcreatedinthereinforcementprocess.Crackingandd

8、eflectionarethereforeessentiallyirrecoverableinreinforcedconcreteonc