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1、Unit1Transitiveverbsandintransitiveverbs(及物动词和不及物动词)英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。(一)及物动词(vt.)：及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。1.“主＋谓＋宾”结构。用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等。如：WelikeEnglish.Iloveyou/allmyfriends.Ithinkthatitisright.Heaskedwhenwewouldstart.△Hepretendedtolikeus.△
2、常见的接不定式的动词有：decide,determine,hesitate,hope,manage,plan,prepare,promise,refuse,want,arrange,offer,choose…eg:Theyenjoyplayingbasketball.△常见的接动名词的动词有：enjoy,escape,finish,mind,imagine,practise,avoid,delay,suggest,risk,keep,resist,admit,appreciate,deny,…△常见的既接不定式又接动名词的动词有：re
3、member,forget,regret,try,mean,stop,consider,can’thelp,continue,goon,begin,like,….2.“主＋谓＋双宾”结构。如:Ihandmethebookoverthere.Pleasepassmethebook.△常见的接双宾的动词有：bring,give,hand,pass,show,tell,buy,teach…3.“主＋谓＋宾＋宾补”结构。作宾补的词有：形容词、副词、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。如:Wemustkeepitasecret.Theyelec
4、tedLiPingtheirmonitor.Iheardsomethinginteresting.Pleasekeepthecatout.eg:MissWhitetoldmenottowriteonthewall.Headvisedmetostayathome.△常见的带to不定式作宾补的动词有：ask,tell,want,order,allow,advise,expect,persuade,invite,like,get,force等。eg:Inoticedamanpassbytheoffice.△常见的不带to不定式作宾补的动词有
5、：感官动词(see,lookat,observe,watch,notice,hear,listento,feel等)使役动词(make,let,have等)。(“五看”“三使”“两听”“一感觉”)注意：若感官动词和使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的动词要带to.Imadehimwashthecarforfree.(变被动句)Hewasmadetowashthecarforfree.△：不定式作宾补强调动作的全过程；现在分词作宾补强调动作正在进行。过去分词作宾补表示被动和动作已完成。eg:Isawhimcleantheclassroom.(
6、我看见他扫教室了。)Isawhimcleaningtheclassroom.(我看见他正在扫教室。)Hefoundtheroomcleaned.(我发现教室被打扫了。)△常接现在分词和过去分词作宾补的动词有：have,let,make,get,keep,catch,find,see,watch,notice,hear等。(二)不及物动词（vi.）：不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后加上某个介词。如：look(看)不能直接加宾语eg:Look!Sheissinging.Lookcarefully!Lo
7、okatmecarefully!不及物动词后面不跟宾语，只能用“主＋谓”结构。ThisistheroomwhereIoncelived.类似的还有：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed...既作及物又作不及物的动词，其意义不变。eg:Everybody,ourgamebegins.(vi.开始)Letusbeginourgame.(vt.开始)类似的还有：start,answer,sing
8、,close,consider,insist,read,learn,prepare,pay,hurt,improve...既作及物又作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。eg:wesawthemountainwhenthecl
