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1、GrammarThePastParticipleusedasAdverbial过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语。Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood!Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.1.过去分词作状语，表示_________和_______的动作。被动的完成Lostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.Worriedaboutthe
2、journey,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.2.有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost（专注于）；tired（厌烦）；exhausted（筋疲力尽）；worried（担心）；astonished(惊讶）；moved(感动）；surprised;excited,etc.3.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.Givenanotherho
3、ur,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.Visitingintheevening,wefoundthecitymorebeautifultous.(1)Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.(2)Herheadheldhigh,shewentby.【注意】如果过去分词作状语，主句主语不是分词的逻辑主语时，我们常常在过去分词前面加上它自己的逻辑主语。这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构属于过去分词的独立主格结构。有时会在过去分词前加上with或without(3)Withalloursavingsgone,westarted
4、lookingforjobs.(4)Herushedintotheroom,(with)hisfacecoveredwithsweat.回忆：Timepermitting,Icandothejobwell.Withhimhelping,Ifinishedtheworkquickly.4.过去分词作状语来源于状语从句(1)Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.(2)Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.Ifth
5、eseseedsaregrowninrichsoil,…【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语。Whengivenamedicalexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.Althoughsurprised,hecontinuedtogiveusthespeech.5.过去分词作状语的位置。过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.=Movedtotears,hestoo
6、dtheresilently.6.常见的过去分词做状语的类型：1.Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seenfromthehill，…6.1.时间状语,可保留连词when,while,until等.2.Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.Don’tspeakuntilspokento.6.2.原因状语1.Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassm
7、ates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords，…2.Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened，…6.3.条件状语，可保留连词if1.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime，…2.Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapour.Heatedtoahightemperature
8、，…6.4.让步状语，可保留连词though，although和evenif等1
