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1、SpecializedEnglishforchemistry化工专业英语UnitOperationMassTransferandItsApplicationAgroupofoperationsforseparatingthecomponentsofmixturesarebasedonthetranferofmaterialfromonehomogenousphasetoanother.homogenousadj.同性质的，同类的;Unlikepurelymechanicalseparations,thes
2、emethodsutilizedifferencesinvaporpressure,solubility,ordiffusivity,notdensityorparticlesize.mechanical.adj.机械的，机械学的;呆板的;体力的;手工操作的utilize.vt.利用，使用solubility.n.溶解度;可解决性;溶度diffusivity.n.扩散能力，扩散率;扩散性density.n.密度;稠密，浓厚;[物]浓度，比重;愚钝Thedrivingforceformasstranferi
3、saconcentrationdifferenceoradifferenceinactivity,muchasatemperaturedifferenceoratemperaturegradientprovidesthedrivingforceforheattranfer.gradient.n.[物]梯度，陡度;（温度、气压等）变化率，梯度变化曲线;<英>（道路...adj.倾斜的;[动]步行的，能步行的Thesemethods,coveredbythetermmass-tranferoperations
4、,includesuchtechniquesasdistillation,gasabsorption,dehumidification,liquidextraction,leaching,crystallization,membraneseparation,andanumberofothers.dehumidification.n.除去湿气;除湿crystallization.n.结晶化Thefunctionofdistillationistoseparate,byvaporization,aliquid
5、mixtureofmiscibleandvolatilesubstancesintoindividualcomponentsor,insomecases,intogroupsofcomponents.vaporization.n.蒸发;汽化miscible.adj.易混合的volatileadj.易变的，不稳定的;（液体或油）易挥发的;爆炸性的;快活的，轻快的Theseparationofamixtureofalcoholandwaterintoitscomponents;thatofliquidairi
6、ntonitrogen,oxygenandargon;andthatofcrudepetroleumintogasoline,kerosene,fueloilandlubricatingstockareexamplesofdistillation.alcohol.n.乙醇，酒精;含酒精的饮料argonn.氩petroleum.n.石油kerosenen.煤油，火油;灯油;洋油lubricatingvt.加油润滑;使润滑vi.润滑Inpractice,distillationmaybecarriedoutb
7、yeitheroftwoprincipalmethods.Thefirstmethodisbasedonthereturntothestillincontractwiththevapors.Thesecondmethodisbasedonthereturnofpartofthecondensatetothestillundersuchconditionsthatthisreturningliquidisbroughtintointimatecontractwiththevaporsontheirwayto
8、thecondenser.condensaten.冷凝物intimateadj.亲密的，亲近的;私人的，个人的;内部的;直接的Eitherofthesemethodsmaybeconductedasacontinuousorasabatchprocess.Inchemicalengineering,differentialdistillation,steamdistillation,single-stagepartialvap
