中考被动语态复习

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1、中考被动语态复习一．动词被动语态基本概念和形式详解一、动词被动语态使用1、表示主语是动作的承受者Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudentsthismorning.Thebookwaswrittenbyamiddleschoolteacher.Thelostbicyclewasfoundbyafarmerbytheriver.2、侧重说明主语接受动作，无须或无法知道动作的执行者Lettersarecollectedfromthismail-boxat7:30a.m.Airpollutionhasbee

2、nreducedinourcity.Thegroundwascoveredwithsnow.二、动词被动语态形式1、动词被动语态由be+及物动词的过去分词构成。动词被动语态的时态由助动词be的各个时态变化形式表示；时态被动语态结构一般现在时am/is/aredone一般过去时was/weredone现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时was/werebeingdone一般将来时shall/will/begoingtobedone过去将来时wouldbedone现在完成时have/hasbeendone过去完

3、成时hadbeendone2、含情态动词的动词被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。注意1：1、把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语；2、把动词变成“be+过去分词”；3、可以主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。注意2：“主语+谓语动词+直接宾语+间接宾语”结构的被动语态：这类结构转换时，可以将间接宾语转换为主语；也可以将直接宾语转换成主语。Heshowedussomeofhisphotos.→Wewereshownsomeofhisphotos.Amygavehimatoygun.→Hewasgivenatoygunb

4、yAmy.Ipaidthetaxidriversomemoney.→Somemoneywaspaidtothetaxidriver.Sheboughtmeanewskirt.→Anewskirtwasboughtforme.但有时根据句意往往将直接宾语转换成主语：Thesentencewasexplainedtousagain.三、被动语态的否定句、疑问句Thesentencewasexplainedtousagain.→Wasthesentenceexplainedtousagain?→Whatwasexplainedtou

5、sagain?小练习Ø将下列句子改为被动语态Ø将被动语态句子改为否定句Ø并有对下划线部分的句子进行提问，改成特殊疑问句1.Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.2.Twodoctorsandtennursesmakeupthemedicalteam.3.WhenIgotthere,theywerecuttingupafallentree.4.We’llputontheplaynextSunday.5.Workersarebuildinganewteachingbuildinginourschool.6.The

6、yhadcompletedtherailwaybytheendoflastyear.7.Weshouldprotecttheearth.8.Youneedtopaintthewall.9.LucygaveJackapencilasapresent.10.OurteachershowedapictureofShanghaitousintheclass.将下列句子改成被动语态1Hismothertoldhimnottowastetimeonfishing.2FathergavemeatoyatChristmas.3Thisfact

7、oryproducesmachinetools.4Theyshoulddoitatonce.5TheynamedthechildTom二．动词被动语态的特殊用法和相关句型一、不能用于动词被动语态的几种情况1、不及物动词不能用于被动语态Thecardoesn’tbelongtome.Theaccidenthappenedyesterdaymorning.2、连系动词不能用于被动语态Thefruittastednice.Hisfaceturnedred.3、某些短语动词作不及物动词也不能用于被动语态Greatchangestook

8、placethatyear.二、动词被动语态转换时须注意的几个问题1、双宾语句子结构的转换（见3.1）2、“主语+谓语动词+宾语+（疑问词）+todo”句子结构的转换Themantaughtmehowtorepairafridge.→Iwastaughthowtorepair