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时间:2020-05-24
《高考语法复习课件――动词不定式用法.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在PPT专区-天天文库。
1、动词不定式用法123动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,具有名词、形容词和副词的句法功能,在句中可以作除了谓语以外的其他成分。1、动词不定式在句中的功能1)、做主语不定式做主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数,有时为了避免句子出现“头重脚轻”现象,常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在句尾。TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.2)、作宾语不定式作宾语,跟在及物动词后面,这类动词有:want,wish,like,decide,hel
2、p,start,begin,forget,try,hope等,有的动词要求不定式带上疑问词(who,when,how,where,which等)构成的短语作宾语。如:show,know,tell,teach,learn等。Hedecidedtohelpher.Idon'tknowhowtotellyouthenews.有时不定式宾语后面还带有补足语等其他成分时,常用it作形式宾语,把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后。如:Ifounditdifficulttofindanewjobinthecity.3
3、)、作表语Mywishistoreachthereontime.Ourideaistoclimbupthemountainfromthenorth.4)、作宾语补足语宾语补足语放在宾语的后面,补充说明宾语在干什么。如:Mybrotheraskedmetocleantheroomwithhim.Wouldyoulikemetostayherewithyou?注意:某些动词后面带不定式作宾语补足语时要省掉标志to,这些动词常见的有:let,hear,make,see,feel,watch,notice
4、等。如:Thepolicemansawachildplayinthestreet.Theboss(老板)madethemworkmorethan12hoursaday.5)、作定语不定式作定语要放在被修饰语的后面。Ihavegoodnewstotellyou.Sheisthefirsttocometoschool.6)、作状语不定式作状语表示目的时可放在句首或句尾。TolearnEnglishwell,youmuststudyhardeveryday.Hecameheretoaskforhisbo
5、ok.当用作程度、结果状语时常与副词enough或too连用。Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.2、不定式的复合结构不定式的复合结构由“forof+sb.+不定式”构成。用于当不定式动作的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时。It'simpossibleforustofinishthatworkinaday.Thecaristooexpensiveformetobuy.It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.此时,当句子的表语同
6、时也是不定式逻辑主语的本质特征、特性等时,一般选择of结构。如:It'sveryniceofhimtolendmehisbikeatthatmoment3、不定式的否定结构不定式的否定结构由“not+不定式”构成。Pleasetellyourchildnottoplayinthestreet.1.Wouldyoupleasetellmenext?A.howtodo B.whattodoC.whatdoIdo D.howIshoulddo2.Thegirlwasn'ttoliftthat
7、bookcase.A.toostrong B.enoughstrongC.strongenough D.sostrong3.Foratimehisgrandmotherfoundaccepthisnewidea.A.hard B.ithard C.ithardto D.itishardto4.Asshehasneverbeentherebefore,I'llhavesomeonehertheway.A.show B.toshow C.showing D.showed5.You
8、driveslowly.Theroadsarewet.A.hadrather B.wouldratherC.hadbetter D.wouldbetter6.Nothingcanmakethebravesoldierhiscountry.A.turnagainst B.toturnagainstC.toturnto D.turnto7.Intheolddaysitwasdifficultforthepoorajob.A.find B.tofind C.look
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