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1、GrammarTheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause惠东高级中学：黄玉娥CanyoutellthedifferencebetweenRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveClause?A.InwrittenformB.Inhowclosetheclauseisconnectedwiththemainsentencee.g.BeijingisacitythatI’vealwayswantedtovisit.Beijing,w
2、hichisthecapitalofChina,hasalonghistory.Mr.Blackisthemanwhorescuedmefromtheriver.Mr.Black,whoisadoctor,rescuedmefromtheriver.C.InAntecedent(先行词)e.g.Mikesoldthehousewhichhisfamilyhadlivedinfor30years.Mikesoldthehouse,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.Mikelived
3、inLincolnStreet,wheremanyimportantpeoplelived.D.IntheRelativePronouns(关系代词)Shemarriedaman(that/whom/who)shemetonthebus.Thebook,whichhelostyesterday,hasbeenfound.which在从句中作宾语,但不能省略Hefailedintheexam,thatmadehismotherangry.Hefailedintheexam,whichmadehismot
4、herangry.关系代词：which/who/whom/whose/as关系副词：when/where(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略)非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词。限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。Mycousinwhosefatherisateacherwantstobeanactor.Mycousin,whosefatherisateacher,wantstobeanactor.Forre
5、ferenceA.ThisistheplacewhereIlivedtenyearsago.B.SheisgoingtospendthewinterholidayinMacao,whichreturnedtoChinain1999.2.A.HeisamanwhoIcanaskforhelp.B.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.小结：限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉
6、从句，意义仍然完整。1.Ihaveasisterwhoworksinahospital.我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。（不只一位姐姐）2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.Shanghai,whichisinEastChina,isdevelopingrapidly.当先行词是地名人名、
7、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句。DifferencesComma（逗号）Thenon-restrictiveattributiveclausecanbeleftout.（非限制性定语从句可被省略）Wecan’tuse“that”init.（非限制性定语从句中不可以用that)Wecan’tmisstherelativewords.（非限制性定语从句中关系代词不可以被省略）把下面的句子改为定语从句1.Herearethefarmers.Theydiscoveredtheu
8、ndergroundcitylastmonth.Herearethefarmerswhodiscoveredtheundergroundcitylastmonth.AttributiveClause2.HangzhouisafamouscityinChina.Manypeoplecometobuyteainthatcity.HangzhouisafamouscityinChinainwhich/wheremanypeoplecometobuytea.3.
