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1、美国文学史及作品选读-----刘红岭Lecture1AmericanLiteratureofEarlyPeriodPartOneTheLiteratureofColonialAmerica•Ⅰ.HistoricalIntroduction•Atthebeginningoftheseventeenthcentury,thevastcontinentalareathatwastobecometheUnitedStateshadbeenexploredonlyslightlybyEnglishandtheEuropeanex
2、plorers.ColonialAmerica1480ColumbusReachestheAmerica1500“America”firstused1520MagelianCirclesTheGlobe1540CabrilloExploresCaliforniaCoast1560SpainFoundsColonyinFlorida1580EnglishNavyDefeatsArmada•ThefirstsettlerswhobecamethefoundingfathersoftheAmericannationwereq
3、uiteafewofthemPuritans.•AmericanPuritanism.•AdominantfactorinAmericanlife,AmericanPuritanismwasoneofthemostenduringshapinginfluencesinAmericanthoughtandAmericanliterature.•ThewordPuritanismisoriginallyusedtoreferthetheologyadvocatedbyapartywithintheChurchofEngla
4、nd.ThetermPuritanismisalsousedinabroadersensetorefertoattitudesandvaluesconsideredcharacteristicofthePuritans.Ithasbeenemployedtodenotearigidmoralism,orthecondemnationofinnocentpleasure,orreligiousnarrownessadheredbytheearlyNewEnglandPuritans.TheAmericanPuritani
5、smasaculturalheritageexertedgreatinfluencesoverAmericanmoralvalues.AndthisPuritaninfluenceoverAmericanRomanticismwasnoticeable.InadditionsinandthemysteryofevilmarkedtheworksbysuchfamouswritersasHawthornandsMelville.•ThefirstwritingsthatwecallAmericanliteraturewe
6、re•narratives:Anarrativeisastory,whethertoldinproseorverse,involvingevents,characters,andwhatthecharacterssayanddo.•journals:Ausuallydailyrecordofevents;diary.)Ⅱ.TheFirstAmericanWriter•ThefirstpermanentEnglishsettlementinNorthAmericawasestablishedatJamestown,Vir
7、giniain1617.•CaptainJohnSmith,anEnglishsoldieroffortune.•Hisreportsofexploration,publishedintheearly1600s,havebeendescribedasthefirstdistinctlyAmericanliteraturetobewritteninEnglish.•Smith’sdescriptionsofAmericanwerefilledwiththemes,myths,images,scenes,character
8、s,andeventsthatwereafoundationforthenation’sliterature.Hewascalledthe“firstAmericanwriter”.Hisworksinclude:AmapofVirginia:withaDescriptionoftheCountry(1612),•GeneralH
