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1、英美文学选读WilliamShakespeare莎士比亚(1564.4.23-1616.4.26)出生地：Stratford-on-AvonThe16thcenturypopularityofasuccessfulwriter1611heretiredfromLondontohisnativetownWorks:37plays,2narrativepoems,154sonnets1623alltheplayspublished,calledtheFirstFolioThreeperiods:First
2、(1590-1600)comediesTheseplaysareimbuedwithanoptimisticatmosphereofhumanismRomeoandJuliet(1594)TheMerchantofVenice(1596)Second(1601-1608)tragediesHamlet(1601),Othello(1604),KingLear(1605),Macbeth(1605),TimonofAthens(1609)MeasureforMeasure(1604)—outstandi
3、ngtragi-comedy.Theplaysarereflectedthesocialcontradictionsoftheage.Third(1609-1612)historiesTheTempest(1612)Optimisticfaithinthefutureofhumanityandthedramatist’sUtopianism.Renaissance文艺复兴Europe14th-17thhumanism人文主义TheMerchantofVenice:reflectsoptimism。Th
4、etriumphoffriendshipandloveovergreedandavarice,goodoverevil,humanityoverinhumanity.Theinevitablehistoricalprocessofthetriumphofcommercialcapitalismoverthefeudalpracticeofusury.Racialdiscriminationandreligiouspersecution种族歧视和宗教迫害Sonnet18theme：praisingthe
5、powerofpoemJohnMilton米尔顿(1608-1674)出生地：LondonEducatedatSt.Paul’sSchool,Christ’sCollege,CambridgeIn1638Miltonbegantotravelabroad.Threeperiods:First(1625-1641)L’AllegroandILPenseroso(1632)Comus(1634)Lycidas(1638)Second（1641-1654）Areopagitica（1644）TheDefen
6、ceoftheEnglishPeople(1650)TheSecondDefenceoftheEnglishPeople(1650)ThirdParadiseLost失乐园（1667）ParadiseRagained复乐园（1671）SamsonAgonistes(1671)ImbuedwiththespiritofrevolutionaryPuritanisminthe17thParadiseLost:consistsof12booksblankverse.BasedupontheOldTestam
7、ent.AstoryofSatan’srevoltagainstGod,thetemptationofAdamandEve,andtheirexpulsionfromParadise.DanielDefoe笛福（1660-1731）出生地：LondonBankruptcyin1692In1697AnEssayUponProjectspublishedDefoeisthefirstimportantEnglishnovelistandaversatilewriter.FirstnovelRobinson
8、Crusoenearlyhissixtyyearsold,publishedin1719.CaptainSingleton(1720),MollFlanders(1722),ColonelJack(1722)Roxana(1724)showhissympathyforthepooranddown-troddenpeople.RobinsonCrusoe:typicaloftherisingEnglishbourgeoisclasspractical,di
