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1、摘要利用固体与分子经验电子理论——余氏理论(),分别计算了含氢与不含氢时钢的价电子结构参数,包括原子组态数、共价电子数、晶格电子数。并计算出、的统计值、。最后应用价电子结构参数及其统计值分析钢的性能,从电子结构层次对钢介入氢以后的性能的改变做出解释。研究结果表明,氢介入不含合金元素晶格结构后,相变得不稳定,键也更加弱,脆断的可能性增加了很多。在含有合金元素的晶格,虽然从计算的数值研究,相较于氢介入以前,钢相更稳定,键更强,脆断可能性更低,但是由于氢加入以后,、值的增大使得非最强健的共价电子数减少,造成了晶
2、体的各向异性,晶体结构也就不稳定了,各项性能也变差。合金元素的加入使钢在具有高强度的同时,保持了较高韧性,并且、、对合金的强化作用依次递增。随着合金元素种类增多,强化作用更加显著。同时含合金结构单元对氢表现为排斥效果,其晶胞自身作为一种强障碍妨碍氢穿过,无碳合金晶胞是氢的强陷阱,降低了氢的扩散速度。关键词:钢;理论;氢的作用AbstractUsingtheempiricalelectrontheoryofsolidsandmolecules(),accounttheparametersofvalencee
3、lectronstructureofsteelwithandwithouthydrogenornot.Itcomprisethenumberofatomconfiguration,covalenceelectron,crystallattice.Andaccountthestatisticalnumber,of,.Finallyapplyparameterofvalenceelectronstructureandtheirstatisticalnumberanalysecapabilityofsteel,
4、makeoutexplainwhysteel'scapabilityhavechangedfromelectronstructureadministrativelevels.Theresultofstudyshows,afterhydrogenaddingthecrystallatticestructurewithoutalloyelements,themetallographicphasegetsastaticism,thebondbecomesebber,andthepossilityofbrittl
5、enessruptureincreasemuch.Inthecrystalincludingalloyelements,althoughaccountsshowthatcomparedwithhydrogendon'tcomeintosteel:themetallographicphaseallthebetterstabilize,thebondallthebetterstrongandthepossilityofbrittlenessruptureevenmorelow.However,inthisdi
6、squisitionstudybecauseofthehydrogen'scoming,thevalueof,increasedandmaketheunstrongestbond'scrystallatticenumberreduced,atthesametime,bringaboutcrystalanisotropism,andthestructureastaticism,andcauseperformancesgetbad.Alloyelementsmakesteelhavehighstrengtha
7、ndkeephightoughness,also、、stengthenactionincreasesbydegreesinturn.AsAlloyelements'categoryraises,reinforcementbecomesmoreremarkable.Iftherearecarboninalloystructure,thecellwillexcludehydrogen.BecausecellthemselfcanactasabarriertopreventHformpassingthough.
8、Iftherearenotcarbon,crystalcellwilldebasehydrogenousdiffusespeed.Keywords:steel;thetheoryof;hydrogenousaction目录摘要Abstract1.绪论11.1研究目的与意义11.2理论基础及价电子理论应用21.2.2余氏理论21.2.2.1余氏理论的基本概念21.2.2.2余氏理论的基本假设31.2.2.3键距差()法51.2.