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1、摘要随着航空运输业的快速发展,飞行事故也日益增加,飞行乘员的人身安全应当得到更好的保障,为此,近年来有关飞机适航验证的研究逐渐增加,关于飞机适航的设计要求、设计准则、关键零部件的设计方法、试验手段、仿真验证方法等都有了很大的发展。我国大型民用客机的快速发展,对飞机适航验证的研究有比较迫切的市场需求,商用客机和军用飞机也需要考虑迫降情况的乘员安全。本文对飞机座椅适航验证的设计准则、设计方法和试验方法进行了分析和总结,并对飞机座椅的有限元模型进行了静强度和动强度的模拟验证。完成的主要工作有:1.介绍了我国民机适航研究的
2、发展状况及应用前景;2.根据适航验证条例,概括出关于飞机座椅的设计要求,通过现有准则,提出一些飞机座椅的设计措施;3.根据飞机座椅结构设计的适航要求,对农5A型飞机进行了座椅结构强度进行分析,提出有限元模型建立原则。对驾驶员座椅验证试验模型作用在安全带和肩带上的载荷进行计算,并将载荷加载到有限元模型上,分别进行了静强度和动强度的适航验证模拟,计算结果设计改进后,顺利完成强度验证试验。本文顺利进行了飞机座椅结构适航取证的模拟验证,对大型飞机的结构适航取证及验证技术提供了思路和方法。关键词:适航,座椅,有限元模型ABS
3、TRACTWiththedevelopmentofgeneralaviationindustry,peoplearesufferingmoreairaccidents,andpersonalsafetiesofcrewsareconcernedfarthermore.Consequently,researchesonairworthinessoftheaircraftareincreaseddramatically,andtheaircraftdesignrequirements,designcriteria,th
4、ekeydesigncomponents,testingtools,simulationmethodsandsoon,aregreatandrapidlydeveloped.Boomingoftheinternalgeneralaviationindustryalsoperformmorepressingmarketdemands.Safetiesofcrewforbothcommercialandmilitaryaircraftsinthecaseofforcedlandingarealsoconsideredm
5、oreimportant.Inthepresentpaper,theaircraftcontrolsurfaceandverificationofseatairworthinesscriteria,designmethodsandtestmethodsarediscussed,andthesmoothseatontheplanefiniteelementmodelforthestaticstrengthanddynamicstrengthofthesimulation.1. Airworthinessres
6、earchonChina'sdevelopmentandresearchprospectsissummarized;2. Accordingtotheairworthinessregulations,theaircraftcontrolsurfacesaswellastheseatofthedesignrequirementsaresummarized.Throughexistingguidelines,someaircraftcontrolsurfacesandseatingdesignmeasuresa
7、reproposed;3. Throughthediscussionofaircraftcontrolsurface,theexistingaircraftcontrolsurfaceproblemsareproposed.Theaircraftaileron,horizontaltailandrudderdesignareanalyzedandanumberofdesignmeasuresaresuggested;4. Accordingtotheaircraftseatdesignrequirem
8、entsforN5Aaircraft,ananalysisofstructuralstrengthofseatsiscarriedout.Someprinciplesoffiniteelementmodelarebroughtforward.VerificationtestsonthedriverseatbyFEMmodel,theseatbeltsands