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1、“察情观态”析情态 [知识点与例析]在解情态动词的题型时,从宏观上应先学习情态动词的共同特点:没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形(不带to),不能单独做谓语,可直接提前或加not构成疑问句、否定句等等,这对解题相当重要。情态动词,以笔者之见,“情”即察情况(依据情景、语境),“态”即观态度(依据说话人的语气态度)来选用,故提出“察情观态”用情态。现结合一些例题分析如下:1.分清同辈(级)、上下辈(级)、法规制度及造成不良后果等情景来选用“情态动词”。例如:1.Johny,you___playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself
2、. A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;may C.shouldn’t;must D.can’t;shouldn’t2.“You_______smokeinthebedroom,”Rosesaidtoherhusbandandsenthimgoingoutoftheroomwithasmile.3.“You_____smokefromnowon”,Smithshoutedathisson,whowasonlyfifteen.4.Cars________beparkedinfrontoftheentrance.5.You_____d
3、rivefast,thereisaspeedlimithere.6.We_______drivefast,wehaveplentyoftime(2-6)共同选项A.mustn’t B.won’tC.needn’t D.maynot分析:1.B强调会造成不良后果(hurt),故“禁止玩小刀”.2.D同辈(夫妻间)和气地(withasmile)提出劝说要求,选用maynot,语气委婉。3-5.A上下辈(级)间、布告、法规的制度等选用mustn’t。6、C强调不必要。2、分清对现在、将来及过去等时间的推测来选用“情态动词”。例如:7.Mr.Smithh
4、asn’tcomehereyet.___hehavemissedthetrain? A.Must B.Can C.Should D.May8.A:Where’sourEnglishteacher?B:She______intheteacher’soffice. A.musthavebeen B.mayhavebeen C.mustbe D.shouldhavebeen9.He_______boatinginWestlakenextSunday. A.mayhavegone B.musthavegone C.wouldgo
5、 D.maygo分析:7.B情态动词+不定式完成体,表示对过去情况的猜测.8.C,9.D,must和may之后如果接原形动词,则表示对现在或将来的可能情况作出猜测或想象。3.分清做过的(该做的)与未做的(不该做的)等语境来选用“情态动词”。例如:10.You_____alongessay.Theteacheronlyaskedfor300words,andyouhavewritten1000. A.musthavewritten B.needn’thavewritten C.didn’thavetowrite D.didn’tneedt
6、owrite11.Wewentonfoot,butwe_____bybus. A.shouldgo B.shouldnothavegone C.oughthavegone D.shouldhavegone分析:10.D表示不必做的却做了。11.D该做的却没有做。4.分清主观与客观情况来选用”情态动词”.例如:12.Idon’tlikethisrecorder.I____buyanewone.13.Thisrecorderdoesn’tworknow.I____buyanewone. A.can B.haveto C.must D
7、.may分析:12.C是从说话者角度说明主观的看法.13.Bhaveto表示客观的需要。5.分清陈述能力与许可等语气来选用“情态动词”。例如:14.--Willyoustayforlunch?(NMET’99)--Sorry,______.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme. A.Imustn’t B.Ican’t C.Ineedn’t D.Iwon’t15.You_____dowhatyoulikethismorning. A.could B.can C.areableto D.canbeableto16.Thechildrena
8、skedwhetherthey_____goforaswim.A.wereabl