定语从句李子玲勿删.ppt

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1、中考语法复习十一、定语从句形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等可以作定语，修饰名词或代词。abeautifulgirlmybookfifteeneggssportsshoesThemandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.It’sagoodplacetovisit.ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Wouldyoulikesomethingdelicioustoeat?定语从句概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句.如：Thegirlwhoisb

2、ehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.(Attributiveclause)Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词who,whom,that,which，whosewhere,when,whyMaryisagirl.Thegirlhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhoh

3、aslonghair.1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.概念：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，叫先行词。从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，放在先行词之后。（注：关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用；同时又代替先行词，在定语从句中充当一个句子成分﹛充当主语，宾语，定语或状语﹜）。定语从句的谓语动词须和先行词保持人称和数的一致。Eg:Thegi

4、rlwhoisstandingonthestageismyteacher.(关系代词who代替先行词thegirl在定语从句中作主语)Ican’tfindthebook(that)Iboughtyesterday.(关系代词that代替先行词thebook在定语从句中作宾语，that可省略)Heisagooddoctorwhosenameisknowninthistown.(关系代词whose代替先行词doctor’s在定语从句中作定语，修饰name)Thisisthereasonwhyyoushoul

5、dleave.(关系副词why在定语从句中作状语，修饰先行词thereason)关系代词的用法:（1）当先行词指物时→用指物的关系代词that/which当先行词指物时,定语从句可用which或that引导.二者都可在定语从句中做主语或宾语，作主语时不能省略，作宾语时则可以省略。Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.Theshop(that/which)Ilikeisn’therenow.（2）当先行词指人时→用指人的关系代词who/that/whom。who/that可互换

6、使用，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，作主语时不能省略，作宾语时则可以省略。Thegirlthat/whowasbadlyhurtintheaccidentismyclassmate.Thegirl(that/who)Ilikeisn’therenow.whom是指人的关系代词，为who的宾格形式，在定语从句中只能做宾语。可用who,that替换使用，也可以省略。Thegirl(whom／that/who)Ilikeisn’therenow.Thedoctor(whom/who/that)shewenttoC

7、hinawithisveryfamous.=ThedoctorwithwhomshewenttoChinaisveryfamous.注意：介词后只能用指人的whom和指物的which。TheladytowhomyoujusttalkedisMissLi.=Thelady(whom/who/that)youjusttalkedtoisMissLi.Thisisthebook(which/that)I’mlookingfor.（3）whose是who和which的所有格，意思是“（某人/某物）的…”,即可指

8、人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语修饰紧随其后的名词，不可省略.Thisisthestudentwhosebikewasstolenlastweek.Thegirlwhosefatherisadoctorisourclassmate.Lookatthehousewhosegardenisverybig.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateach