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1、年产30万吨乙酸乙酯的工艺设计摘要乙酸乙酯是重要的精细化工原料。它是一种具有优异溶解性能和快干性能的溶剂，已广泛应用于生产中。目前，乙酸乙酯的工业生产方法已趋于成熟，而乙醛缩合法因其具有原料来源广泛、绿色、环保等优点在众多生产方法中脱颖而出最具发展前景。本设计采用乙醛缩合法，对工艺中的主要设备进行物料与能量衡算，并对乙酸乙酯的精馏塔、反应器进行了设计选型。根据设计要求对设备进行选型。就脱乙醇塔而言，塔体压力为常压，回流比取3，操作条件：XD=99%、XW=0.01。计算出塔板数为46块，塔高22.4m。对塔体的主要尺寸设计：精馏段：算得堰长为0.72m，出口堰高为0.0
2、45m，堰宽为0.106m，降液管底隙高度为0.028m；提馏段：算得堰长为1.2，出口堰高为0.049m，堰宽为0.176m，降液管底隙高度为0.027m。对于反应器选择连续型搅拌反应釜：算得筒体高度4.8m，筒体和封头直径3m，筒筒体厚度为10mm。设计中，首先根据工艺操作的要求和特点，参照相关工艺的资料，绘制工艺流程图，然后根据工艺计算结构设计的最终数据画出主要设备图。设计满足安全生产要求，而且经济合理。关键词：乙酸乙酯，乙醛缩合法，物料衡算，精馏塔，工艺流程图PRODUCTIONDESIGNWITHANANNUALOUTPUTOF300THOUSANDSTONS
3、OFETHYLACETATEABSTRACTEthylacetateisanimportantfinechemicalrawmaterial.Itisakindofexcellentsolubilityandfast-dryingsolvent,hasbeenwidelyusedinproduction.Atpresent,theindustrialproductionofethylacetatehavebeenmoreandmoremature,andthecondensationofacetaldehydebecauseofitswiderawmaterialsou
4、rces,green,environmentalprotectionandotheradvantagesstandoutfrommanyproductionmethodsinthemostdevelopmentprospect.Thecondensationofacetaldehydehadbeenusedinthedesign,materialandenergybalancecalculationofthemainprocessequipment,anddistillationtower,reactorforethylacetateweredesignselectio
5、n.Accordingtothedesignrequirements,weselectedthesuitableequipment.Asfarasalcoholtower,thetowerbodywasatatmosphericpressure,refluxratiowas3,theoperatingconditions:XD=99%,XW=0.01.Wecouldcalculatethattheplatenumberwas46,theheightofthetowerwas22.4m.Themaindimensionsdesignoftowerbody:rectifyi
6、ngsection:thelengthoftheweirwas0.72m,theoutletheightoftheweirwas0.045m,thewidthwas0.106m,thedowncomerheightofthebottomclearancewas0.028m;strippingsection:thelengthofweirwas1.2mr,theoutletheightoftheweirwas0.049m,thewidthwas0.176m,thedowncomerheightofthebottomclearancewas0.027m.Thereactor
7、wasselectedcontinuousstirredtankreactor:theheightofcylinderwas4.8mbycalculation,thediameterofcylinderandheadwas3m,thethicknessoftheinnercylinderwas10mm.Inthedesign,accordingtotheprocessrequirementsandcharacteristics,referencetotherelatedprocessdata,wecoulddrawaprocessflow
