Figures of Speech 文学原理教程课件.ppt

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1、FiguresofSpeechFigureofSpeech修辞----Awayofsayingonethingandmeaninganother.Ⅰ.Simile&Metaphor1.Simile明喻----Afigureofspeechinwhichtwoessentiallydissimilarobjectsareexactlycomparedwithoneanotherbytheuseof“like”or“as”.?Thetwothingscomparedmustbeessentiallydissimilar.Thebasisofresemblanceisusually

2、anabstractquality.StructureofaSimileASimileincludingSubject/Tenor本体Reference/Vehicle喻体Indicatorofresemblance/Similemarker比喻词本体指被比喻的对象;喻体指用来做比喻的对象;比喻词在本体和喻体之间起连接作用.Indicatorofresemblance/Similemarker----like/as/as…as/asif/asthough/(just)as…to/resemble/similarto/seemthan/than/tobeararesemblan

3、cetoExamplesThewaterlaygrayandwrinkledlikeanelephant’sskin.Myverythoughtswereliketheghostlyrustle（轻轻的摩擦声）ofdeadleaves.Theriverispeaceful,likeanewbabysleeping.Ascoldwaterstoathirstysoul,soisgoodnewsfromafarcountry.Foodistothebodyasfuelistotheengine.Liferesemblesbutaday'sjourney.Hehasnomoreid

4、eaofmoneythanacow.O,mylove`slikeared,redrose,That`smewlysprunginJune;O,mylove`slikethemelodyThat`ssweetlyplayedintune.----RobertBurnsIwonderedlonelyasacloudThatfloatsonhighovervalesandhills…----WilliamWordsworthShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?Thouaremorelovelyandmoretemperate----WilliamShak

5、espeare汉语的明喻是用“像”、“似”、“如”、“好像……似的”等词来连接被比喻和用作比喻的事物例：骄阳似火江作青罗带，山如碧玉簪；春天像小姑娘，花枝招展的，笑着，走着。—朱自清2.Metaphor隐喻----Afigureofspeechinwhichtwounlikeobjectsareimplicitlycomparedwithouttheuseof“like”or“as”.AMetaphorcomparesonethingtoanotherbysayingthatonething“is”anotherthing.Metaphorsarestrongerthansi

6、miles,buttheyaremoredifficulttosee.Eg:Boysandgirls,tumblinginthestreetsandplaying,weremovingjewels.Heswambravelyagainstthetideofpopularapplause.Snowclothestheground.Thetownwasstormedafteralongsiege.Thesocietywashiscollege.Abookthatisshutisbutablock.Moneyisthelensinacamera.Ahousedividedagain

7、stitselfcan’tstand.Alltheworld’sastage,andwearemerelyplayers.----WilliamShakespeareSimileMetaphorExplicitComparisonImplicitComparisonJuxtaposestwothingsFusestwothingsJoefoughtlikealion.Joewasalioninthebattle.Learningmaybelikenedtoclimbingupamountain.Lear