句子结构分析.doc

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1、句子结构分析（主要成分主语和谓语，次要成分是表语，宾语，宾语补语，定语，同位语和状语）主语：表示所说的是谁或是什么。由名词thebag，代词he，不定式todo，动名词doing，从句充当。如，Thebagismine.Heisaboy.Todoitismywish..Gettingupearlyisagoodhabit.Whatyousaidiswrong.谓语：表示主语的动作或状态，由系动词be和行为动词do,wait等Heishandsome.Shelookspretty宾语：表示动作的承受者。由

2、名词，代词，不定式，动名词，从句等充当Weallloveourmotherland。Shecandressherself.WhatareyoudoingnowIwishtocallonyou.Headmitteddongso.Wedon’tknowwhereheworks.表语：说明主语的特征，类属，状态和身份。如，Heisateacher.Talkingisnotdoing.Iamsurprisedathisspeech.ThatiswhatIsaid定语：用以修饰名词或代词。由名词，形容词，代词，不

3、定式，现在分词，过去分词，从句等充当。如，Heisaphysicsteacher.Sheismyteacher.Pleaseshowmeanotherskirt.Ihavealotsofworktodo.Thisisamovingfilm.Iknowtheboywholeftjustnow同位语：说明前面名词或代词的具体内容。由名词，代词，数词，从句充当OurteacherMrLiisverystrict.Weall同位语loveourmotherland。Wetwowillgotoseeyou.The

4、newsthathewillcomeisrightWe主语love谓语our定语motherland.宾语Weall同位语loveourmotherland。Wetwo同位语willgotosee合成谓语you.宾语Thenewsthathe’llcomeistrue.Ihavenoideawhoheis.Thenewsthathisfatherdiedmadehimverysad.Wordcamethatthewomen’svolleyballteamhadwonthechampionship.(消息

5、传来女排赢得了冠军。)Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheene.myhadfledthecity.(敌人也许逃离了这一城市的念头在他脑海里产生。)同位语从句也可用逗号隔开，如：Thequestion,whetherweneedit,hasnotbeenconsidered,(我们是否需要她，这个问题还未考虑。宾语补足语：用于宾语之后，用以补足宾语的内容。由名词，不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介词短语充当。1.Wecallher“BigSister”.2.Iallo

6、whimtohavealook.3.Hekeptmewaitinghalfaday.4Isawhimwounded.5.Itdrovehermad.6.Let’sshowhimout.7Theyfoundtheboyintheforest.状语：用以修饰动词，副词，形容词或全句。由名词，形容词，副词，不定式，现在分词过去分词，介词短语，介词复合结构，独立主格结构，从句充当。1．Hewalkedtenmiles.2.Shesmiled,fullofhappiness.1.Heisrunningfast.4

7、.Hestoppedtotalkwithme.5.Beingill,hedidn’tgototheoffice.6.GivenmoretimeI’llagreetodoit.7.They’replayingontheground.8.Weshouldsleepwithwindowsopen.9.Herushedout,guninhand.10.We’llgowherethepeopleneedus.句子分类：按结构分类，句子可以分为简单句和复合句。简单句五种基本句型：1.主语+不及物动词：4.主语+及物

8、动词+双宾（间接宾语和直接宾语）Abirdcanfly.Healsobroughtmeacupofteaatonce.IliveinJi’an.Hebroughtmeacup.2.主语+连系动词+表语：5。主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补Thesentenceissimple.Thesunkeepsuswarm,3.主语+及物动词+宾语：Iwishyoutostay.WestudyhistoryWetreatthegirlasourdaughte