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1、linguisticcode?Forexample,arethereanyneologisms(suchas“portentousinfants”)?Arethereanysemantic,syntactic,phonological,orgraphologicaldeviations?Suchdeviationsareoftenthecluetospecialinterpretationsassociatedwithtraditionalfiguresofspeechsuchasmetaphor,meto
2、nymy,synecdoche,paradox,andirony.Ifsuchtropesoccur,whatkindofspecialinterpretationisinvolved(forexample,metaphorcanbeclassifiedaspersonifying,animalizing,concretizing,synaesthetic,etc)? Contextandcohesion Herewetakealookatfeatureswhicharegenerallyfullydeal
3、twithindiscourseanalysis.Undercohesionwaysinwhichonepartofatextislinkedtoanotherareconsidered;forinstance,thewayssentencesareconnected.Thisistheinternalorganizationofatext.Undercontext,roughlythematerial,mental,personal,interactional,social,institutional,c
4、ultural,andhistoricalsituationinwhichthediscourseismade,weconsidertheexternalrelationsoftheliterarytextorapartofthetext,seeingitasadiscoursepresupposingasocialrelationbetweenitsparticipants(authorandreader,characterandcharacter,characterandreader,etc.),and
5、asharingofknowledgeandassumptionsbyparticipants. Cohesion:Doesthetextcontainlogicalorotherlinksbetweensentences(egcoordinatingconjunctions,linkingadverbials),ordoesittendtoreplyonimplicitconnectionsofmeaning?Whatsortofuseismadeofcross-referencebypronouns(s
6、he,it,they,etc),bysubstituteforms(do,so,etc),orellipsis?Isthereanyusemadeofelegantvariation—theavoidanceofrepetitionbysubstitutionofadescriptivephrase(as“theoldlawyer”substitutesfortherepetitionofanearlier“MrJones”)?Aremeaningconnectionsreinforcedbyrepetit
7、ionofwordsandphrases,orbyrepeatedlyusingwordsfromthesamesemanticfield? Context:Doesthewriteraddressthereaderdirectly,orthroughthewordsorthoughtsofsomefictionalcharacter?Whatlinguisticclues(egfirstpersonpronounsI,me,my,mine)arethereoftheaddresser-addresseer
8、elationship?Whatattitudedoestheauthorimplytowardshis/hersubject?Ifacharacter’swordsorthoughtsarerepresented,isthisdonebydirectquotation,orbysomeothermethod(egindirectspeech,freeindirectspeech)?Aretheresignifi
