宾语从句之语序时态总结.doc

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1、宾语从句TeachingAims：让学生通过学习宾语从句，能正确做题，并能在交际及写作中正确运用。MainandDifficultPoints:时态中的细化角度，以及含宾语从句的反意疑问句。Analysis:宾语从句在初中语法中是重点，中考选择题必有一道。TeachingProcedure:1定义的角度：在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子叫宾语从句。egIknowyou.(主+谓+宾）Iknowyouareastudent.(主+谓+宾语从句)2从解题的角度：①语序的角度：从句总是要用陈述句的语序（主谓不倒装）Whataretheytalking

2、about?Iwanttoknow.ðIwanttoknowwhattheyaretalkingabout.HowcanIgettothetrainstation?Canyoutellme?ðCanyoutellmehowIcangettothetrainstation?②从时态的角度：a.如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何一种时态。Iknowyouareateacher.(一般现在时)Iknowyouwereateacherthreeyearsago.（一般过去时）Iknowyouwillbeateachernextyear.(一

3、般将来时)(主现从任)b.如果主句是一般过去时，从句就要根据时间状语而用相应的过去的某种时态。Iheardyouhadabadcold.（一般过去时）HeaskedmewhatIwasdoinglastnight(过去进行时)Hetoldmethathehadfinishedhishomeworklastnight.（过去完成）Iknewyouwouldbeateachernextyear.(过去将来)（主过从过）c.如果从句是客观真理时，它永远都用一般现在时。Theteachertells/toldthattheearthmovesaro

4、undthesun.（主任从现）注意：时态：十二字方针：主过从过，主现从任，主任从现⑶从连接词的角度：a当陈述句变为宾语从句时，用that连接，而且that可省略Youareastudent.(改为宾语从句）Iknow(that)youareastudent注意：that不可省略的情况1.宾语从句中的主语是that时Eg：Shetoldmethatthatwasausefulbook.2.有多个宾语从句，第一个可以省略，其他不可以Eg:Shesaid(that)thefilmwasinterestingandthatsheenjoyedse

5、eingit.3.在主从复合句中（that引导的宾从中又含有从句时that一般不省略）Eg:I'mafraidthatifyoulosethebookyou’llpayforit.Ithinkthatifyoustudyhardyouwillpassthetest.4.主语和宾语之间有插入语时Eg:Hetoldme,believeitornot,thathewouldbuyacar.5.当it作形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时Eg:Theymakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantjob.b当

6、一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，用if或whether连接.Areyouastudent?Iwonder.ðIwonderif/whetheryouareastudent.DoeshelikelearningEnglish?Doyouknow?ðDoyouknowif/whetherhelikeslearningEnglish?注意:下列情况一般用whether不用ifl后接ornot时只用whetherEg:Idon’tknowwhethershewillcomeornot.l引导从句作介词宾语时Eg:Iaminterestedinwhethe

7、ryoulikeEnglish.IamworriedaboutwhetherIhurthisfeelings.We'rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontimel后接to的不定式Eg:I’muncertainwhethertogoornotl若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether.如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook可理解为：Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。Ifyoulikethebookplea

8、seletmeknow你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我lwhether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot，Ican'tsay．这是否真的我说不上