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1、linguisticcode?Forexample,arethereanyneologisms(suchas“portentousinfants”)?Arethereanysemantic,syntactic,phonological,orgraphologicaldeviations?Suchdeviationsareoftenthecluetospecialinterpretationsassociatedwithtraditionalfiguresofspeechsuchasmetaphor,metonymy,synecdoche,paradox,andirony.Ifsuchtrope
2、soccur,whatkindofspecialinterpretationisinvolved(forexample,metaphorcanbeclassifiedaspersonifying,animalizing,concretizing,synaesthetic,etc)? Contextandcohesion Herewetakealookatfeatureswhicharegenerallyfullydealtwithindiscourseanalysis.Undercohesionwaysinwhichonepartofatextislinkedtoanotherareconsi
3、dered;forinstance,thewayssentencesareconnected.Thisistheinternalorganizationofatext.Undercontext,roughlythematerial,mental,personal,interactional,social,institutional,cultural,andhistoricalsituationinwhichthediscourseismade,weconsidertheexternalrelationsoftheliterarytextorapartofthetext,seeingitasad
4、iscoursepresupposingasocialrelationbetweenitsparticipants(authorandreader,characterandcharacter,characterandreader,etc.),andasharingofknowledgeandassumptionsbyparticipants. Cohesion:Doesthetextcontainlogicalorotherlinksbetweensentences(egcoordinatingconjunctions,linkingadverbials),ordoesittendtorepl
5、yonimplicitconnectionsofmeaning?Whatsortofuseismadeofcross-referencebypronouns(she,it,they,etc),bysubstituteforms(do,so,etc),orellipsis?Isthereanyusemadeofelegantvariation—theavoidanceofrepetitionbysubstitutionofadescriptivephrase(as“theoldlawyer”substitutesfortherepetitionofanearlier“MrJones”)?Arem
6、eaningconnectionsreinforcedbyrepetitionofwordsandphrases,orbyrepeatedlyusingwordsfromthesamesemanticfield? Context:Doesthewriteraddressthereaderdirectly,orthroughthewordsorthoughtsofsomefictionalcharacter?Whatlinguisticclues(egfirstpersonpronounsI,me,my,mine)arethereoftheaddresser-addresseerelations
7、hip?Whatattitudedoestheauthorimplytowardshis/hersubject?Ifacharacter’swordsorthoughtsarerepresented,isthisdonebydirectquotation,orbysomeothermethod(egindirectspeech,freeindirectspeech)?Aretheresignifi
