美国贸易代表-中国遵守WTO规则报告2019（英文）-2020.3-.pdf

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1、2019ReporttoCongressOnChina’sWTOComplianceUnitedStatesTradeRepresentativeMarch20202019ReporttoCongressOnChina’sWTOComplianceUnitedStatesTradeRepresentativeMarch20202019USTRReporttoCongressonChina’sWTOComplianceTABLEOFCONTENTSFOREWORD…………………………………………………………

2、…………………………..…………………………………………..1INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2EXECUTIVESUMMARY………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………4U.S.ASSESSMENTOFCHINA’SWTOMEMBERSHIP……………………………………………………..…….6ExpectationsofWTOMembership……….………………………

3、……………………………………………..……………………6China’sRecordinTermsofComplyingWithWTORules………………………………..…………….…..…………………7China’sRecordinTermsofTransitioningtoaMarketEconomy…………..…….……………….……………..………8PREVIOUSEFFORTSTOADDRESSTRADEDISTORTIONSCAUSEDBYCHINA…….….….……14NEWU.S.STRA

4、TEGYTOADDRESSTRADEDISTORTIONSCAUSEDBYCHINA….……………16REVIEWOFMECHANISMSUSEDTOENGAGECHINA……………………...………………………………22BilateralDialogues……………….………………………………………………………………….………………………………..…………22MultilateralFora……………….……………………………………………………………….………….……………………………..………23En

5、forcement………………………….…………………………………………………………..….………………………………………………23U.S.Laws……………….………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………..………23WTOLitigation………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………..………26KEYU.S.CONCERNS………….……………………..………………….…………………………………………………………

6、..……30IndustrialPolicies………….……….……………………………………………………………….………………………………..….………30Overview………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….30MadeInChina2025IndustrialPlan………………………………………………………………………………………….…….31Subsidies…………………………………………………………………………………………………

7、………………………….…….31ExcessCapacity………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..32TechnologyTransfer………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…33IndigenousInnovation……………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….33InvestmentRestrictions………………………………………………………

8、……………………………………………………...34ExportRestraints……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..35Value-addedTaxRebatesandRelatedPolicies……………………………………………………………………………35ImportBanonRemanufacturedProducts……………………………………………………………