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《非恒定水域盐水入侵特性试验研究-论文.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、第36卷第7期人民黄河VU1.36.No.72014年7月YELL0WRIVERJuJ..20l4【水环境与水生态】非恒定水域盐水入侵特性试验研究王亚妮,田淳,张宗坤(1.太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024;2.滨州市水利勘察设计研究院,山东滨州256600)摘要:通过10组试验研究了非恒定水域盐水入侵特性与上游淡水来流、水深、潮差、下游盐度等参数之间的关系。结果表明:①表层和底层的盐度几乎不受涨落潮的影响,表层盐度一直较低,底层盐度一直较高;中间层的盐度具有周期性,且一般在涨憩时刻附近取得
2、最大值,落憩时刻附近取得最小值。②下游盐度、水深以及潮差越大,上游来流越小,盐水入侵强度越大。垂向平均盐度值在纵向上从下游向上游递减。总体来讲,下游纵向盐度梯度比上游的大,且纵向盐度梯度在中游附近达到最大。③上、中、下游断面盐度垂向分布明显不同,下游表层盐度梯度较大,且下游盐度、潮差、上游来流、水深越大,下游表层垂向盐度梯度越大。总体来说,表层垂向盐度梯度从下游向上游递减,而底层垂向盐度梯度从下游向上游递增。④从下游至上游,表层盐度值基本没有变化,底层盐度减小但减小速率较慢,中间层盐度值减小速率较快关键词:模
3、型试验;盐度梯度;潮差;流量;水位;盐水入侵;非恒定水域中图分类号:TV149.2文献标志码:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.1000—1379.2014.07.025ExperimentalStudyontheCharacteristicsofSalt-WaterIntrusioninUnsteadyWaterAreaWANGYa—ni,TIANChun,ZHANGZong—kun(1.CollegeofWaterResourcesScienceandEngineering,TaiyuanUnive
4、rsityofTechnology,Taiyuan030024,China2.BinzhouWaterConservancySurveyandDesignInstitute,Binzhou256600,China)Abstract:Basedon10groupexperiments,thisstudyanalyzedthevariationbetweenthecharacteristicsofsalt—watelintrusioninunsteadywaterandupstreanlfreshwatercon
5、fingflow,waterdepth,tidalrange,salinityofdownstreamandotherparameters.Theresultsshowthata)thesalinityofsurfaceandbottomhardlybeeffectedbytidalfluctuations,surfacesalinityhasbeenlowandthesalinityatbottomhasbeenhigher,thesalinityofthemiddlelayerhasaperiodican
6、dgenerallYobtainthemaximumvalueamongnearbyhighwaterstandmomentandgettheminimumvalueamongnearbylowwaterstand;b)thelagerthevalueofdownstreamsalinity,waterdepthandtidalrange,thelowertheupstreamflowandthegreaterin—tensityofsalt—waterintrusionwillbe.Averagedsali
7、nityoftheverticaldecreasesfromdownstreamtoupstreaminthelongitudinaldirectionGeneral—lyspeaking,theve~icalsalinitygradientofdownstreamisgreaterthanthatoftheupstream,andithasthemaximumvaluenearbythemiddlerea—ches;C)verticaldistributionofsalinityareobviouslydi
8、fferentintheupper,middleandlowerreachessections,thesalinitygradientotsurfacelayerislagerindownstream,thelagerthevalueofdownstreamsalinity,tidalrange,upstreamflowandwaterdepth,thelagertheverticalsalinit
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